When1: 1198
When2: 1216
Who: Innocent III
What: pope
Where: Rome, Italy
Detail: He lived 1161 to 1216. As pope, he tried to make church supreme over all rulers. He first gave Holy Roman Empire to Otto IV, then Philip of Swabia, then Otto IV, and then Frederick II. He struggled with Frederick II for power. He put King John of England under interdict until he submitted and declared Magna Carta invalid. Philip II of France resisted but then followed divorce law.
Innocent III reorganized papal territories and gained Tuscany but did not get north Italy cities.
He encouraged Fourth Crusade and recognized Latin Empire of Constantinople set up by Fourth Crusade, but Osmanli Turks helped Byzantines regain Constantinople.
He authorized Franciscan Order, who had mission to the poor, started by Francis of Assisi.
Social Sciences>Religion>History>Christianity>Pope
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Date Modified: 2022.0224