When1: 1917
When2: 1961
Who: Carl Gustav Jung [Jung, Carl Gustav]
What: psychologist
Where: Zurich, Switzerland
works\ On the Psychology of the Unconsciousness [1917]; Psychology and Alchemy [1944]; Man and His Symbols [1944]; Mysterious Conjunctions [1956: about alchemy]; Memories, Dreams, Reflections [1961]
Detail: He lived 1875 to 1961, founded a psychoanalysis variant {analytic psychology}, and studied psychoanalysis, symbols, myth, and cognitive styles.
People have effects {personality complex} that make a personality type. Personality types are meditative, inhibited, and withdrawn {introversion, Jung}; outgoing, active, and lively {extroversion, Jung}; or mixture {ambiversion, Jung}. Personality types depend on two opposites: feeling compared to thinking and sensation compared to intuition.
People develop in historical and cultural context, which gives life meaning, dignity, and purpose. People know unconsciousness culture, which has central objects {archetype, culture}. People also have primal symbols, which are innate and independent of history and culture. Dreams and visions include archetypes and symbols with emotional content, which all people share and which indicate destiny.
People can undergo crisis in middle life and need to achieve mental integration {individuation, Jung}.
Aesthetics
Spontaneous emergence of archetypal forms shows that people have innate symbols universally accepted as beautiful. Aesthetic sensibility developed over millions of years, as people learned to make and use tools and to undertake cooperative projects.
Social Sciences>Psychology>History>Consciousness
6-Psychology-History-Consciousness
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Date Modified: 2022.0224