Tastes are salty, sweet, sour, and bitter {taste properties} {flavor properties}. Sour acid and salt are similar. Bitter and salt are similar. Sweet and salt are similar. Sour (acid) and bitter (base) are opposites. Sweet (neutral) and sour (acid) are opposites. Salt and sweet are opposites.
Physically, water-borne chemicals have concentrations, sizes, shapes, sites, acidity, and polarity and attach to tongue chemical receptors. Physiologically, tastes are acid, salt, base, sugar, and savory. Taste has sweetness-saltiness and sourness-saltiness-bitterness. Taste perceptual processes [Kadohisa et al., 2005] [Pritchard and Norgren, 2004] [Rolls and Scott, 2003] compare sugar, acid, base, salt, and umami receptor inputs to find intensity, acidity, and polarity. Acid-salt-base and salt-sweet opponent processes share salt. Concentration determines taste intensity. People can distinguish 10 intensity levels. Molecule atoms and bonds and electric charge determine taste acidity, which can be acidic, neutral, or basic. People can distinguish 3 acidity levels. Molecule atoms and bonds and molecule-electron properties determine taste polarity, which can be polar, half polar, or nonpolar. People can distinguish 3 polarity levels. Polar and acid define sour. Polar and neutral define salt. Polar and base define bitter. Nonpolar and neutral define sweet. Between sour and salt defines umami-glutamate. (Nonpolar cannot be acid or base.)
Consciousness>Consciousness>Speculations>Sensation>Psychology>Sense
1-Consciousness-Speculations-Sensation-Psychology-Sense
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Date Modified: 2022.0224