Tools {fastening tool} can include welders and torches, staplers, caulking guns, screwdrivers and ratchets, hammers, and drills. Fasteners include nails, screws, washers, picture hangers, shelf holders, plant hangers, tapes, glues, caulks, and putty.
You can install fasteners so top is below surface {counterbore}. Top has putty or dowel plug.
You can install fasteners so top is at surface {countersunk}.
Right-angle metal {bracket, shelf} can attach to wall and shelf.
Tools {caulking gun} {caulking tool} can include caulkers or caulking guns.
Drills {drill, tool} include push drill, manual drill, and electric drill. Drill bits are screwdriver bit, twist bit, spade bit, combination bit, and masonry bit. Tools with a bit can make holes in wood, masonry, plastic, or metal.
Pointed screw {bit, drill} {drill bit} can be for drilling.
Fasteners {fastener} include nails, screws, washers, picture hangers, shelf holders, plant hangers, tapes, glues, caulks, and putty.
Nails {nail, tool} include brad, common nail, thin common nail {box nail}, larger-head finishing nail {casing nail}, small-head nail {finishing nail}, spiraled nail {spiral-shank nail}, ringed nail {annular-ring nail}, masonry nail, roofing nail, shingle nail, and wallboard nail. Nail size is from 1 to 6 inches {pennies}.
Tapes {tape, fastener} include electrical tape and plastic tape.
Washers {washer, tool} include flush washer, flat washer, and countersink washer.
small nail {brad}.
Nuts {locknut}| can have textured surfaces to prevent loosening.
Nuts {wing nut} can have head with two flanges, to turn by hand.
Screws {screw, tool} include screws {wood screw} with pointed ends that go into soft materials and have smooth shank near head, which can be flathead screw, roundhead screw, or oval-head screw. Screws {machine screw} can have flat ends and go into nuts or sockets. Wallboard screw or drywall screw has Phillips head. Deck screw is long and thin. Screws {lag screw} can have hex head or square head, with no slot. Metal screw can be sheet metal screw or self-tapping screw. Heads can be slot {straight-slot head}, cross {Phillips head}, slot and quartered {one-way head}, or square {Robertson head}.
Screws {setscrew} can prevent relative motion between attached pieces.
Some screws {thumbscrew}| can turn using thumb and fingers.
Caulks {caulk, sealant} include silicone rubber, polyurethane sealant, polyurethane foam, butyl rubber, acrylic latex, non-acrylic latex, and putty. Caulks dry hard. Sealants dry flexible.
Flexible sealants {acrylic latex} can stick to wet surfaces.
Flexible sealants {butyl rubber} can resist water.
Sealants {non-acrylic latex} can be for interior joints.
Sand, water, and lime mixture {plaster} can cover walls.
Sealants {polyurethane foam} can be for interior and exterior cracks.
Elastic sealants {polyurethane sealant} can be for cracks and glaze.
Patching sealants {putty, caulk} can be for patches on wood or for glazing.
Patching sealants {spackling} can be for walls.
Glues {glue}| include white glue or household glue or paper glue, all-purpose cement, wood glue or yellow glue or carpenter's glue, epoxy resin, urethane glue, hot-melt glue, mastic construction adhesive, resorcinol glue, plastic resin glue, instant glue, and rubber cement.
Cooked animal bones and skin make sticky substance, which dries hard. Vegetable glues use flour soaked in water with caustic. Tapioca flour is best. Plastic-like glue {cyanoacrylate glue} is fast drying and permanent. A thin glue layer is better than a thick one. Surface oil or dirt makes glues not work. Glue first sets and then dries completely.
Glues {all-purpose cement} can resist water and dry fast.
Sour milk curds in water and lime make a sticky substance {casein glue}|. When dry, it does not dissolve again in water or melt if heated, as animal or vegetable glues do.
Strong glues {epoxy resin} can bind any material and are waterproof. Glues {epoxy glue}| can harden by chemical reaction, instead of drying out. Mixing a chemical {resin, epoxy} with another chemical {hardener, epoxy} starts a chemical reaction.
Electrical tape {friction tape} can stick with no glue and resist moisture.
Adhesives {gum adhesive}| can wet again.
Glue guns apply melted glue {hot-melt glue}.
Acrylic glues {instant glue} can dry quickly.
Glues {mastic construction adhesive} can use latex and solvent and be flexible.
Glues {mucilage}| can have protein and polysaccharide gelatin.
Glues {plastic glue}| can have plastic and be thermosetting or thermoplastic.
Glues {plastic resin glue} can bond wood.
Marine resins {resorcinol glue} can be waterproof and bond wood.
Rubber can dissolve in solvent to make a sticky substance {rubber cement}|, which can dry to leave a rubbery bond, which can stick to glass, plastic, and other smooth surfaces. If two surfaces with dry rubber cement touch, they stick firmly.
Sticky substances {sealant}| do not let water pass. Sealants can be rubber, latex, or silicone.
Thin rubber-cement layer can be on plastic film rolls {pressure sensitive tape}| {tape, sticky}.
Strong glues {urethane glue} can bond any material and be waterproof.
Polyvinyl glues {white glue} {household glue} {paper glue} can be for porous surfaces.
Aliphatic resins {wood glue} {yellow glue} {carpenter's glue} can be for wood.
Hammers {hammer, tool} include ball-peen hammer, tack hammer, claw hammer, sledgehammer, nailset, and mallet. A metal head on a handle can strike something or pound something in.
Flat topped iron blocks {anvil, tool} can be for hammering.
Hammers {ball-peen hammer} can have a rounded side and a flat side.
Hammers {claw hammer} can have fork on one end and flat side on other.
Pneumatic punches {jackhammer} can drill or break rock, concrete, or asphalt.
Long heavy hammers {sledgehammer} can have two flat ends, requiring both arms.
Screwdrivers {screwdriver, tool} include standard-tip screwdriver, stubby screwdriver, Phillips-head screwdriver or Phillips-tip screwdriver, Robertson tip screwdriver or square-drive screwdriver, offset screwdriver, ratchet, spiral ratchet, and offset ratchet. A handle with a double-sided wedge at end can turn screws with head slots.
Screwdrivers {Phillips head screwdriver} can have point and four ridges, to drive Phillips head screws.
U-shaped wires {staple, wire} can insert into paper by stapler.
Torches {torch, tool} include propane torch and welder.
Acetylene flames {blowtorch} can melt metal.
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Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0225