Religions {mythology} can be about human-like gods and animals.
Arthur {Arthur}, King Uther Pendragon's illegitimate son, became king by being the only one that drew sword from stone. He received his sword Excalibur from the Lady of the Lake. He established the noble and chivalrous Knights of the Round Table and took Guinevere for his queen.
His nephew or son, Sir Mordred, fatally wounded Arthur in his middle years, and three queens took Arthur to Isle of Avalon, from which he will someday return to save England.
legends
Irish, Welsh, Cornish, and North Breton legends joined to make Arthur, actual Anglo-Saxon invasion leader, into legend. Bretons carried story to Europe.
Arthur had castle {Camelot}.
Lady of the Lake received Arthur's sword {Excalibur}.
A knight association {Round Table} dedicated themselves to chivalry.
Pelles of Astolat's daughter {Elaine} married Lancelot.
Lancelot and Elaine's son {Galahad} was a pure knight.
Arthur's nephew and knight {Gawain} of the Round Table followed the Green Knight and married the ugly lady, who then turned back into princess.
A queen {Guinevere} is King Arthur's wife.
Arthur's good-humored foster brother {Kay}.
Lancelot of the Lake or Launcelot du Lac {Lancelot}, strongest and most-gallant knight, arrived from France as friend to Arthur. Elaine of Astolat was in love with Lancelot, who ignored her. Guinevere and Lancelot became close but not actual lovers, but their affair threw her honor into question. Lancelot married Elaine to end his association with Queen.
Arthur's magician and counselor {Merlin}.
Arthur's nephew or son {Mordred} fatally wounded King Arthur.
Arthur's sister and enchantress {Morgan Le Fay}.
A knight {Parsifal} {Percival} set out to find the Holy Grail, the cup from which Jesus drank at the Last Supper. Only a pure knight can find it, and it will bring virtue back to world. Either Parsifal or Galahad found it after many adventures.
A knight {Tristan} went to Ireland to bring back Isolde to be bride of King Mark of Cornwall. Tristan and Isolde accidentally drank a love draught, meant for King and bride, and fell passionately in love. Tristan went away but had to return, leading to both their deaths.
Heroes {Twelve Paladins} {Peers} of Charlemagne included Roland, Charlemagne's nephew.
Egypt had mythology {Egyptian mythology}. Ancient Egyptians thought that the god that created the universe created them directly, from nothing. Nature depended on gods' intentions. Gods spoke, were intelligent, had human passions, and were moral. At death, a great mechanical balance weighed heart against feather of truth to judge people.
Supreme deity {Amun} {Amen} is god of life and reproduction.
God {Anubis} conducts the dead to judgment.
Archfiend {Apep} {Apepi} tried to stop Sun from rising.
sacred bull {Apis}.
god of silence {Horus}.
Earth goddess {Isis} {Hathor} is sister and wife of Osiris and mother of Horus.
Heaven is arched body of sky goddess {Nut}, and stars are her jewels.
The god {Osiris} of Sun, Nile, warmth, life, and fruitfulness is regularly reborn as the calf Apis. His symbol is ram or cow.
sun god {Ra}.
ruler of Tartarus and god of medicine {Serapis}.
The prince of evil {Set} {Typhon} killed Osiris.
God {Thoth} of wisdom, learning, language, and number has ibis head or baboon head.
At beginning was dark and formless universe {Chaos, mythology}. Then Love appeared.
Mother Earth {Gaea} {Gaia} is mother of Titans and Giants. She was Terra {Terra, mythology} in Roman mythology.
Heaven or sky god {Uranus, Greek and Roman god} {Ouranos} was ruler of universe before Titans. He was father of Titans, Giants, and Cyclops. He was Caelus in Roman mythology.
Monsters {Cyclops}| had one eye. Uranus and Gaia had Brontes, Sterops, and Arges.
Uranus and Gaia had Cottus, Briareus, and Gyges. After Cronus castrated Uranus, Gaia received Uranus' genitalia residue and bore Giants {Giant, mythology} {Gigantes}: Agrios, Alcyoneus (leader), Aristaios, Clytius, Damysos, Enceladus, Ephialtes, Eurytus, Gration, Hippolytus, Leon, Mimas, Otus, Pallas, Peloreus, Polybotus, Porphyrion, Theodamus, and Thoon.
Giant {Antaeus}, who was invincible while touching ground, lost to Hercules, who lifted him up.
From the sky god Uranus and the earth goddess Gaia (Gaea) (Terra) came Titans {Titan, mythology}. The six females were Tethys (ocean), Theia (light), Phoebe (moon), Mnemosyne (memory), Themis (justice or law), and Rhea (earth). The six males were Oceanus (oldest, river, Tethys), Hyperion (sun, Theia), Coeus or Koios (intelligence or philosophy, Phoebe), Crius or Krios (ram, Eurbia), Iapetus or Iapetos (mankind, mortality, mountains, Clymene), and Cronus (youngest, agriculture, Rhea) in Greek mythology (Saturn in Roman mythology). Saturn ruled in the Golden Age. Hyperion had a son, Helios (sun), and two daughters, Eos (dawn) and Selene (moon). Coeus had daughters: Leto and Asteria. Iapetus had sons: Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Menoetius. Oceanus had a daughter: Metis (intelligence). Crius had sons: Astraeus, Pallas, and Perses. Cronus and Rhea made the Gods. Their three daughters were Hestia, Demeter, and Hera. The three sons were Hades, Poseidon, and Zeus.
Titan {Atlas, mythology} bore world on shoulders.
Greek Titan {Cronus} ruled Golden Age, until his son Zeus overthrew him. Kronos was father of the Gods. He is Saturn in Roman mythology.
The female creation-principle {Metis} in early Greek myth became bisexual later as Metis in Greek mythology or Phanes in Roman mythology. Later it became only male as Phanes.
Titan {Prometheus} created men and gave them fire. Zeus bound him to a rock. Hercules saved him.
Greek Titan {Rhea} was queen during the Golden Age and was mother of the Gods, Ops or Opis in Roman mythology, and Cybele in Phrygia.
Roman Titan {Saturn, giant} ruled the Golden Age, until Jupiter overthrew him. He was father of the Gods. He is Cronus in Greek mythology.
From Chaos and Love came the original gods {Greek and Roman gods} {gods, Greek and Roman}. Male Heaven or Sky was Uranus or Ouranos. Female Earth was Gaea or Gaia. Uranus and Gaea made the Titans, including Cronus and Rhea.
From Cronus and Rhea came the Gods: female Hestia (Greek) or Vesta (Roman), female Demeter (Greek) or Ceres (Roman), male Dis or Hades (Greek) or Pluto (Roman), male Poseidon (Greek) or Neptune (Roman), male Zeus (Greek) or Jupiter (Roman), and female Hera (Greek) or Juno (Roman).
Hera and Zeus produced male Hephaestus (Greek) or Vulcan (Roman), male Ares (Greek) or Mars (Roman), female Aphrodite (Greek) or Venus (Roman), male Hermes (Greek) or Mercury (Roman), female Artemis (Greek) or Diana (Roman), female Athena (Greek) or Minerva (Roman), and male Apollo or Apollon.
Twelve gods {Twelve Immortals} dwelt on Mount Olympus: female Demeter (Greek) or Ceres (Roman), male Poseidon (Greek) or Neptune (Roman), male Zeus (Greek) or Jupiter (Roman), female Hera (Greek) or Juno (Roman), male Hephaestus (Greek) or Vulcan (Roman), male Ares (Greek) or Mars (Roman), female Aphrodite (Greek) or Venus (Roman), male Hermes (Greek) or Mercury (Roman), female Artemis (Greek) or Diana (Roman), female Athena (Greek) or Minerva (Roman), male Apollo or Apollon, first female Hestia (Greek) or Vesta (Roman) and then male Dionysius (Greek) or Bacchus (Roman).
king of the winds {Aeolus}.
Roman god of medicine {Aesculapius}.
Phoebus Apollo {Apollo} is Greek and Roman god of light, prophecy, truth, healing, archery, and music. His cult was at Delphi and stressed reason, harmony, and justice.
Greek god of War {Ares}. He was Mars in Roman mythology.
Roman god of Vine, Inspiration, and Madness {Bacchus} and son of Jupiter and Semele. He was Dionysius in Greek mythology.
Roman god of Love {Cupid} is a baby with bow and arrow. He was Eros in Greek mythology.
Greek god of Vine, Inspiration, and Madness {Dionysius} and son of Zeus and Semele. Cult of Dionysius was about nature, ecstasy, and passion. Women Maenads participated in winter rituals. He was Bacchus in Roman mythology.
Greek god of Love {Eros}. He was Cupid in Roman mythology.
king of underworld or underworld itself {Hades}. He was Pluto in Roman mythology.
Greek messenger god {Hermes}, god of commerce and markets and guide of the dead, is thieving, shrewd, and cunning. He was Mercury in Roman mythology.
God of good beginnings {Janus} has two faces.
Supreme Roman god {Jove} {Jupiter, Roman god} is king of sky, rain, and storm clouds. He had many children. He was Zeus in Greek mythology.
Roman household gods {Lares} are ancestor spirits.
Roman god of war {Mars, Roman god}. He was Ares in Greek mythology.
Roman messenger god {Mercury, Roman god}, god of commerce and markets and guide of the dead, is thieving, shrewd, and cunning. He was Hermes in Greek mythology.
god of sleep {Morpheus}.
Roman ruler {Neptune, Roman god} of sea loved horses and carried trident. He was Poseidon in Greek mythology.
Merry, noisy god {Pan, god} with goat horns and feet, lived in wild places and played reed pipe.
king of underworld {Pluto, Greek god}. He was Hades in Greek mythology.
Greek ruler {Poseidon} of sea gave horses to men and carried trident. He was Neptune in Roman mythology.
God {Proteus} foretold the future and changed his shape.
Roman sun god {Sol} and Greek sun god {Helios}.
god of boundaries {Terminus}.
sea god {Triton}.
God {Vulcan} of fire is an armorer and smith and is ugly, lame, kindly, and peace-loving. He was Hephaestus in Greek mythology.
Supreme Greek god {Zeus} is king of sky, rain, and storm clouds. He had many children. He was Jupiter in Roman mythology.
Greek goddess {Aphrodite} of love and beauty was mother of Eros. She loved Adonis. She was Venus in Roman mythology.
Greek goddess of moon, hunt, wild animals, and darkness {Artemis}. She was Diana in Roman mythology.
Greek goddess {Astraea} of justice helped men in Golden Age.
Greek goddess of mischief {Ate}.
Pallas Athena {Athena} is Greek goddess of city, civilization, handicraft, agriculture, wisdom, and justice. She was goddess of Athens, with temples on Acropolis. She was Minerva in Roman mythology.
Greek goddess of the dawn {Aurora}.
Roman goddess of corn and harvests {Ceres}. She was Demeter in Greek mythology.
goddess of history {Clio}.
Greek goddess of corn and harvests {Demeter}. She was Ceres in Roman mythology.
Roman goddess of Moon, hunt, wild things, and darkness {Diana}. She was Artemis in Greek mythology.
Zeus' wife {Hera} is Greek goddess of marriage. She was Juno in Roman mythology. Hera is courage.
Roman goddess of marriage {Juno} is Jupiter's wife. She was Hera in Greek mythology.
Roman goddess of city, civilization, handicraft, agriculture, and wisdom {Minerva}. She was Athena in Greek mythology.
goddess of righteous anger {Nemesis}.
Greek goddess of victory {Nike}.
Girl {Psyche, Roman goddess} loved by Cupid became goddess of the soul.
Roman goddess {Venus, Roman goddess} of love and beauty and mother of Eros loved Adonis. She was Aphrodite in Greek mythology.
Roman virgin goddess {Vesta} of hearth, home, and family. She was Hestia in Greek mythology.
Achilles, Aeneas, Agamemnon, Ajax, Hector, Hercules, Odysseus in Greece or Ulysses in Rome, Paris, Perseus, Priam, and Troilus fought at Troy {Greek and Roman heroes}. Castor and Pollux are the Gemini twins.
The greatest Greek warrior {Achilles} in Trojan War killed Hector. He had protection from harm because he had dipped in River Styx, except for his heels. He died by arrow in the heel from Paris.
Trojan {Aeneas} loved Dido of Carthage, descended into Hell to find his father, and then founded Rome.
Greek commander {Agamemnon} at Troy killed his daughter Iphigenia to get to Troy. His wife, Clytemnestra, killed him on his return from Troy.
second-greatest Greek champion {Ajax}.
Twins {Gemini}, protectors of sailors, are the heroes Castor, for horsemanship, and Pollux, for boxing. They are sons of Jupiter, as the Swan, and Leda.
Priam's son {Hector} was the best Trojan warrior. He died at the hands of Achilles.
Greatest Greek hero {Hercules} {Herakles} performed 12 labors in penance for killing his wife while he was mad.
Greek hero {Odysseus} of Odyssey, same as Roman Ulysses, was wise and clever.
Priam's son {Paris, myth} judged Aphrodite fairest, causing Hera and Athena to be angry. When Helen was promised to him, he stole her and caused Trojan War. He killed Achilles by shooting arrow in his heel.
king of Troy during Trojan War {Priam}.
Priam's son {Troilus} loved Cressida. Achilles killed him.
Roman hero {Ulysses, myth} of Odyssey, wise and clever, was same as Greek Odysseus.
Centaurs, Cerberus, Charybdis, Chimera, Cyclops, Fauns, Gordon, Griffin, Harpies, Hydra, Medusa, Minotaur, Pegasus, Satyrs, Scylla, Sirens, and Sphinx {Greek and Roman monsters}.
Bellerophon, while riding Pegasus, killed a monster {Chimera}.
The king of the serpents {Cockatrice} {Basilisk} killed with one glance.
Roman goat-men {faun}| can live in wild places.
Monsters {Gorgon}, of which Medusa was one, with wings and snaky hair, caused men to turn to monsters if they looked on them.
half eagle and half lion {griffin}|.
Argonauts routed smelly, flying creatures {Harpies}.
Nine-headed creature {Hydra} grew two new heads if anyone chopped off head. Hercules killed it.
a Gorgon {Medusa}.
Theseus killed a half bull and half man {Minotaur} imprisoned in the labyrinth.
Birds {phoenix, myth}| can rise out of own ashes.
giant Indian-Ocean bird {roc}|.
Small reptile {salamander, myth}| did not burn in fire.
Goat men {satyr}| lived in the wild.
Circe changed maiden into monster {Scylla}, which attacked Jason, Odysseus, and Aeneas.
Winged lion {Sphinx} with woman's breast and face asked famous riddle.
Slim horses {unicorn, myth}| have one long horn.
two-legged winged dragon {wyvern}|.
Adonis, Amazons, Andromeda, Antigone, Argonauts, Calypso, Cassandra, Charon, Circe, Daedalus, Daphne, Dido, Dryads, Electra, Europa, Eurydice, Helen of Troy, Hero, Icarus, Leander, Medea, Midas, Naiads, Narcissus, Pandora, Penelope, Phaedra, Plutus, Psyche, Pygmalion, Sisyphus, and Tantalus {Greek and Roman people}.
Oracle {Delphi, myth} was for Apollo.
protectors of suppliants {Eumenides} {Fates}.
just pursuers and punishers of sinners {Fury} {Furies} {Enrinyes}: Alecto, Tisiphone, and Megara.
Bellerophon rode a winged horse {Pegasus}, to kill the Chimera.
Aphrodite loved a beautiful youth {Adonis}.
Adventurers {Argonauts} sailed to get Golden Fleece under Jason, in the ship Argo.
Boatman {Charon} ferries the dead across River Acheron.
Labyrinth architect {Daedalus} flew out of the labyrinth on manmade wings.
Greek son {Deucalion} of Prometheus and his wife Pyrrha were the only survivors of the flood. He cast behind him his mother's bones, stones of Earth. These became human beings. Hellen was their daughter, and she had sons: Ion, Aeolus, Dorus, and Achaeus. Thus, Hellenes began, with the four tribes Ionians, Aeolians, Dorians, and Achaeans.
Daedulus' son {Icarus} soared too close to Sun, as he flew on waxed feathers, and drowned.
Leader {Jason} of Argonauts married Medea.
He {Leander} loved Hero.
Bacchus granted a wish that everything he touched turned to gold to a king {Midas}.
King of Crete {Minos} was at Cnossus, his capital.
A youth {Narcissus} scorned maidens, and gods punished him by making him love himself, so he pined away and became a flower at death.
His father Laius, King of Thebes, ordered him {Oedipus} killed when he was a baby. A peasant found him, and he grew up to slay his father unknowingly, solve the riddle of the Sphinx, marry his mother, and become king of Thebes. Gods revealed his unknowing misdeeds to him after Thebes suffered famine and pestilence, and he tore out his eyes.
Agamemnon's son {Orestes} killed his mother and her lover, because they had killed his father. Furies pursued him until Athena pardoned him.
Gods killed mighty hunter {Orion} and placed him as star constellation.
Great musician and singer {Orpheus} sailed with Argonauts and saved them from the Sirens. He went to Hades to get back Eurydice but failed when he gazed back at her.
He {Perseus} killed Medusa and married Andromeda.
Roman allegorical figure {Plutus} represents wealth.
Sculptor {Pygmalion} created statue and fell in love with it.
Man {Sisyphus} forever rolls stone up hill in Hades, because he betrayed oath to Zeus.
Man {Tantalus} sits in pool in Hades but cannot drink or reach the fruits near him to eat.
Odysseus' son {Telemachus}.
Athens' king {Theseus} killed Minotaur, established democracy in Athens, and married Phaedra.
women warriors {Amazons} from Caucasus.
Perseus saved a daughter {Andromeda} of Cassiopeia from a sea serpent.
Oedipus' daughter {Antigone} buried her brother in defiance of Creon, and Creon put her to death.
Minos' daughter {Ariadne} gave a thread to Theseus, so that he could go in and out of the labyrinth.
Nymph {Calypso} loved Odysseus.
Agamemnon received as gift prophet {Cassandra} from Troy. Her fate was that no one believed her.
Witch {Circe} turned men into beasts. She did not get Odysseus but then helped him get to Hell.
Maiden {Daphne} loved by Apollo changed into laurel tree.
Founder {Dido} of Carthage loved Aeneas.
tree nymph {dryad}|.
Agamemnon's daughter and Orestes' sister {Electra}.
Zeus, in the guise of bull, carried off a woman {Europa}.
Wife {Eurydice} of Orpheus, who had gone to Hades to recover her, had to return to Hades because she looked back.
The three Graces {Graces}, Splendor, Mirth, and Good Cheer, represent grace and beauty.
Paris, Priam's son, carried off the wife of Agamemnon {Helen}, causing Trojan War.
Leander swam the Hellespont to her {Hero} every night, until he perished.
Priestess {Medea} of Golden Fleece in Colchis helped Jason get it and married him.
The nine daughters {Muses} of Zeus and Mnemosyne are: Erato {goddess, lyrics}, Euterpe {goddess, music}, Thalia {goddess, comedy}, Melpomene {goddess, tragedy}, Terpsichore {goddess, dance and choral song}, Urania {goddess, astronomy}, Clio {goddess, historical and heroic poetry}, Polyhymnia {goddess, hymn}, and Calliope {goddess, epic}. Calliope's son was Orpheus.
water nymph {naiad}|.
After the Golden Age, gods created the first woman {Pandora} from man. She opened a forbidden box, letting out all bad things, but she also let out Hope. Alternatively, she opened treasure box letting all good things escape, except that Hope remained.
wife of Odysseus {Penelope}.
Pluto carried a daughter {Persephone} of Demeter to Underworld, but she can return to Earth's surface every spring and so is maiden of Spring.
Theseus' wife {Phaedra} loved her stepson Hippolytus and killed herself.
Pluto carried a daughter {Proserpine} of Ceres to underworld.
Singers {siren}| lured sailors to their deaths on an island.
muse of dance {Terpsichore}.
Aegis, Augean Stables, Caduceus, Delphi, Eleusinean mysteries, Elysian fields, Golden Age, Golden Fleece, Gordion Knot, Halcyon Days, Labyrinth, Lethe, Lotus, Meander, Olympus, Pandora's Box, Pillars of Hercules, Styx, Tartarus, and Trojan Horse {Greek and Roman things}.
People must cross river {Acheron} of woe to get to Hades.
Food {ambrosia, gods}| of gods gives immortality.
Labor of Hercules diverted river to wash stables {Augean Stables} clean.
Mercury's magic wand {Caduceus}.
Savage animals {centaur, myth}|, half men and half horse, include Chiron, friend to man.
Dog {Cerberus} guards the gates of hell.
A whirlpool {Charybdis} is next to Scylla.
Religious celebration {Eleusinean mysteries} honors Demeter.
Blessed place {Elysian fields} in Underworld is for the good.
Fate {Fate} controls men's destinies and deaths.
Roman spirits {genius, god}| attend all people and places.
A time {Golden Age} of peace and happiness was in Italy, when Saturn ruled.
Fleece {Golden Fleece} was sought and obtained by Jason and Argonauts, with the help of Medea.
Complicated knot {Gordian Knot} was in oracle's temple in Phrygia. Whoever untied it was lord of Asia. Alexander the Great hacked it open.
For seven winter days {Halcyon days}, sea is calm.
Daedalus built a maze {Labyrinth} to hold the Minotaur.
River {Lethe} of Forgetfulness is in underworld.
Sweet flowers {lotus, myth}| make one forget all longings.
River {Meander} in Phrygia had many twists and turns.
drink of gods {nectar}|.
home of Greek and Roman Gods {Olympus}.
Hercules put rocks {Rock of Gibraltar} {Pillars of Hercules, myth} at mouth of Mediterranean Sea during his tenth labor.
From December 17 to December 23, a feast {Saturnalia} commemorated reign of Saturn over Earth in Golden Age.
River {Styx} of the unbreakable oath is one of the three rivers of Hades.
Deepest part {Tartarus} of hell holds Titans and Giants.
death {Thanatos}.
Large wooden horse {Trojan Horse} left by Greeks for Trojans contained Greek soldiers, who attacked after the horse was brought inside Troy.
west wind {Zephyr}.
Scandinavia had mythology {Norse mythology}. Gods were Odin, Thor, and Loki. Main goddess is Freya.
sea god {Aegir}.
Norse gods {Aesir}.
Odin's wise son {Balder}.
goddess of love and beauty {Freya}.
A giant's son {Loki} hated the Good. Loki killed another god with a stone.
The All-Father {Odin} {sky god} was chief god, gained wisdom by losing eye, and gave man runes and mead, both for poetry. Odin is northern name, and Woden is southern name.
Thunder God {Thor} was strongest Norse God, possessor of thunderbolts and hammer. Thor struggled with the World Serpent, pulled it out of sea, and killed it with his hammer. He also fought many-headed giant. He had red beard, which when it shook caused storms. He also had sacred ring, symbol of law and order. Throwing hammer of Thor replaced ax as weapon of sky god. Swastika was symbol of sky god. Thor was God of Justice.
Armed and mounted Norse virgins {Valkyries} were daughters of gods, selectors of the slain, attendants to Odin, and servants at Asgard.
Freyja and Freyr were chief gods in an earlier race {Vanir} of gods.
southern name of chief Norse god {Woden}.
Brunhilde, Sigurd, and Siegfried were people in Norse legends {Norse people}. Sigmund the Volsung, Hadding, and Harold Wartooth were Odin's heroes. Sigurd the Volsung killed dragon. Two birds warned him of the dragon's brother, a treacherous smith. He roasted the dragon's heart, burned his thumb, and thus sucked inspirational dragon's blood. Someone murdered Sigurd.
The hero Siegfried saved Valkyrie {Brunhilde} {Brunhild} and loved her.
Sigurd's brother {Gunnar} died in a snake pit, when King Atli took revenge.
giant {Hymir}.
Hero {Ragmar Lothbrok} slew dragon. His sons captured England.
Volsung's son {Sigmund} had a sister, Signy, who saved him from death. He then avenged himself on the murder of his father and brother.
A hero {Sigurd} {Siegfried} rescued Brunhilde from fire and married Gudrun. The wrath of Brunhilde killed him, and then she killed herself.
home of gods {Asgard}.
Twilight of the Gods or downfall of gods {Götterdämmerung}.
Fates {Norns}.
Earth will face destruction in the future {Ragnarok} {Ops} {Twilight of the Gods}.
Magical inscriptions {rune, Norse}| were for protection.
Icelandic magic sign {torshamarr}.
The home {Valhalla} of dead Norse heroes is a room of Asgard.
An ash tree {Yggdrasil} was between heaven, Earth, and hell. Mimir was well at one root. Odin drank of it to gain wisdom.
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Date Modified: 2022.0225