In object relations theory {attachment theory}, infant and toddler experiences with mothers and nannies build unconscious cognitive and emotional attachment-relation models {attachment style}. Children also have conflicts and problems with mothers, and these lead to attachment regulation [Bowlby, 1969] [Bowlby, 1973] [Bowlby, 1982].
In personality development theory {ego psychology theory}, unconscious motives and thoughts {primary process} can come from id and are pleasure oriented, while behaviors controlled by ego {secondary process} are rational and real. Emotional unconscious beliefs are the basis for understanding and behavior. Ego consciously does problem solving and regulates emotions and drives. People use defense mechanisms to resolve conflicts. People build ideas of their capabilities and opportunities {ego identity, development} to oppose loss of self {ego diffusion, development}.
In personality development theory {learning theory}, personality can develop by learning from experiences and conflicts, as inner motivations generate behavior. There are no personality types, only traits. Behavior reinforcement leads to general use, and then behavior becomes personality trait. People also learn when not to generalize. People build and alter habitual behaviors in a habit family hierarchy.
In personality development theory {object relations theory} {relational psychoanalysis}, intimate interpersonal relations have patterns affected by cognitive and emotional processes. For example, people can stay in abusive relationships because they have other motivations. People use implicit representations, expectations, and relations to develop intimacy. Attachment theory is an object-relations theory.
During personality development {psychoanalysis, personality}, libido can stay at any stage {fixation, psychoanalysis} and have repression.
People have psychic energy {libido}. Libido is life instinct.
Libido {eros} is sexual in nature.
Libido can be toward others {object love} or self {narcissism}.
Libido from 0 to 8 months {oral period} is for sucking and biting.
Libido from 8 months up to 2 years {anal stage} is for controlling defecation. Toilet training can have praise and blame, block anal pleasure, and cause revulsion.
Libido from 2 to 4 years {phallic stage} is for contacting opposite-sex parent and playing with genitals. Parent can suppress these.
Libido from 4 to 14 years {latency period} is for socialization, play with same-sex children, and dislike of opposite sex. Sexuality is low.
Children can identify with same-sex parent, to resolve conflict between desire for opposite-sex parent and fear of retaliation {Oedipus complex} {Electra complex}. Children are hostile towards same-sex parent and have sexual impulses towards opposite-sex parent.
Oedipus-complex resolution can be unsuccessful {castration complex}.
Libido at puberty {genital phase} is for heterosexual love.
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Date Modified: 2022.0225