When1: 1932
When2: 1952
Who: Melanie Klein [Klein, Melanie]
What: psychoanalyst
Where: Britain
works\ Psychoanalysis of Children [1932]; Developments in Psycho-Analysis [1952]
Detail: She lived 1882 to 1960 and developed an infantile development theory, as a psychoanalysis variant.
Even infants have emotions like love, fear, hate, and concern. By observing play, people can know normal and abnormal child behavior patterns and emotional states. Object-relations between infant and parent can change at either of two stages {object-relations school}. Disturbances in first stage, pre-oedipal period before age two {paranoid-schizoid position}, lead to paranoia or schizophrenia. Children want self-survival and need love and attachment to emotional object but project death-wishes on emotional objects. Personality splitting, idealization, projection, and introjection are defense mechanisms. Disturbances in second stage, oedipal period from age two to five {depressive position}, lead to depression. Children realize that mother is a whole and separate person. Children want that mother remain an emotional object. Envy or anger can cause children to wish damage or destruction on objects. Children can identify with emotional objects in both stages, and feelings in first stage affect feelings in second stage.
Three-person family relationships, two-person relationships {attachment, Klein} {therapist-patient}, and one-person creativity require different descriptions. Two-person relationships involve transference from one person to the other and projection and introjection defense mechanisms.
Social Sciences>Psychology>History>Psychiatry
6-Psychology-History-Psychiatry
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Date Modified: 2022.0224