When1: 1925
When2: 1934
Who: Lev Semionovich Vygotsky [Vygotsky, Lev Semionovich]
What: psychologist
Where: Moscow, Russia
works\ Psychology of Art [1925]; Pedagogical Psychology [1926: with Alexei N. Leontiev]; Tool and Symbol in Children's Development [1930]; Thought and Language or Thinking and Speech [1934]
Detail: He lived 1896 to 1934 and studied significative behavior. Culture, including language, changes consciousness structure. Thought and speech are first independent. Speech is for directly communicating needs. Then children imitate formal culture properties, such as language syntax. Then they internalize them, so they can plan and think about themselves as subjects and objects [Vygotsky, 1930]. People learn best when material is only slightly above their current knowledge {zone of proximal development}.
Social Sciences>Psychology>History>Cognition
6-Psychology-History-Cognition
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Date Modified: 2022.0224