Perception detects distance, angle, size, shape, speed, brightness, hue, lightness, loudness, pitch, attack, decay, pressure, temperature, texture, taste, and smell {perceptual feature}. Perhaps, sense has 100,000 independent features. Features are frequent and regular, so people soon memorize them in all possible states and combinations.
processes
Mind derives features from local spatial and temporal relations among intensities in sense information channels. Features are about stimulus intensity, location, time, frequency, and quality and about higher-level stimulus combinations.
processes: association
Mind associates two features if they are simultaneous, at rate higher than chance.
processes: feature analysis
Perception distinguishes and links features, values, and probabilities. Perception excitations and inhibitions depend on reinforcement pathways and change feature probabilities. Feature analysis {feature analysis} works for independent variables with discrete values but not for clustered variables or continuous values.
properties: continuity
Feature values are always continuous, with no discreteness, edges, jumps, or skips, though neuron signals are discrete. Feature values are continuous even for neurons far apart and for small intensities. Movement, blinking, and other transformations never cause feature value to be discrete.
Perhaps, continuity results from insensitivity to change. Perhaps, coordinate units are larger than feature sizes. Perhaps, information channel and signal number are large, so graininess is small. Perhaps, continuity results from integration, over multiple information channels, of overlapping regions of different sizes, displacements, and orientations.
properties: discontinuity
Missing features cause discontinuities in events.
properties: probability
Features have probabilities of happening if another feature happens.
effects
Recognized features and feature combinations cause actions. Unrecognized features suppress actions [Werner, 1974].
Perceptual features {accidental feature}| or regularities, such as aligned edges and reflected colors, can result from viewing position {accidental viewpoint}.
Perceptual features {non-accidental feature}| {non-accidental property}, such as mass, can not depend on observation point. Non-accidental features stay constant from multiple viewpoints and under transformation, reflection, rotation, translation, and zooming. Relative feature positions stay the same.
recognition
Memory uses non-accidental properties and relative positions to make object templates for perceptual recognition.
projection
Straight edge tends to project collinear lines. Curved edge tends to project lines that fall along smooth function. Parallel edges tend to project parallel lines. Edge intersections tend to project lines that meet at point. Parts that are close together tend to project lines that are close together. Symmetrical parts tend to project symmetrical line patterns.
6-Psychology-Cognition-Perception
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Date Modified: 2022.0225