Retrieving information {recall}| from memory uses different mechanisms to return memory representations to consciousness or near consciousness. Recalling declarative knowledge creates experiences.
processes: cueing
Externally or internally supplied stimulus recalls memories from storage.
processes: errors
Recall can be inaccurate. People recall some memories better than others. Perhaps, they repeat them often.
processes: inhibition
Memories or cues can inhibit recalling other memories, because memories are contradictory or substitute.
processes: reconstruction
Recall builds from memories. Memories do not mix, but only select from among choices. However, features, such as color, can mix. People do not recall chimeras and contradictions.
Reporting recalled item requires consciousness.
processes: time coordinates
Memory creates time coordinates and uses them for recall and storage.
processes: voluntary retrieval
Information retrieval can be voluntary or automatic. Voluntary retrieval involves search strategy. Information non-retrieval is not voluntary.
properties: contradiction
Conscious recall does not allow unreal or contradictory contents.
properties: free recall
In free recall, people recall more items that are near each other in space or time {contiguity principle, recall}. In free recall, people recall class members better when cued with class but not classes when cued with class members. In free recall, people typically do not recall items in original order but form orders and repeat orders on subsequent recalls.
properties: time of day
Recall is better in morning than evening.
factors: context
People can recall same memory in one context but not another.
factors: hypnosis
Hypnosis does not increase memory retrieval. Memories retrieved under hypnosis are unreliable. Especially, early-infancy memories are probably not true.
factors: meaning
Meaningful events cause better and more accurate recall.
Social Sciences>Psychology>Cognition>Memory>Recall
6-Psychology-Cognition-Memory-Recall
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Date Modified: 2022.0224