Past events cause current events {determinism}| {necessitarianism}. Determinism relates to fatalism, logical determinism, and predestination.
strong
Past events logically determine all events, and so events are necessary. There is no purpose. Freedom is only feeling, because people cannot detect action causes {strong determinism}.
weak
Laws, which act through cause and effect, govern all events, but events are not logically necessary {weak determinism}.
effects
If human actions are deterministic, there is no free will, hope, feelings, moral responsibility, right or wrong, attitudes, real knowledge, choice, or use for deliberation.
problems
Universe is not mechanistic or determined, because fundamental-particle behavior has randomness.
Perhaps, physics allows masses and energies that were not in systems at previous times to enter systems later {indeterminism}|. Gravitational forces allow singularities. Singularities and infinities terminate determinism.
types
Perhaps, acts and wills can have no causes, and humans can make free choices using minds or wills {strong indeterminism}, so different futures are possible. Perhaps, humans can originate acts and wills inside themselves and to this extent have self-determination and free choice {weak indeterminism}, so different futures are possible.
ideas
Indeterminism includes libertarianism, quantum probabilities, random events, miracles, and human free will.
Perhaps, Actions are free, people have will, and people can originate ideas and actions {libertarianism}.
Perhaps, all events are already determined and unalterable {fatalism, determinism} {logical determinism}, and no human action can have any effect, good or evil.
Perhaps, God has decreed all events by his will and knows all outcomes, and God's will is final {predestination}|.
6-Philosophy-Metaphysics-Theories
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Date Modified: 2022.0225