When1: 1846
When2: 1884
Who: Friedrich Engels [Engels, Friedrich]
What: philosopher
Where: Germany/England
works\ German Ideology [1846: with Marx]; Communist Manifesto [1848: with Marx]; Condition of the Working Class in England [1844]; Socialism: Utopian and Scientific [1870]; Anti-Dühring [1878]; Dialectics of Nature [1875 to 1882]; Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State [1884]
Detail: He lived 1820 to 1895 and was Young Hegelian. He met Marx [1842], founded Communism [1848], and organized revolutionary movements in Europe.
Epistemology
Practical results determine truth.
Metaphysics
Nature develops through dialectic {dialectical materialism}. Matter has opposites and contradictions, whose dialectic gives motion and development to matter. Dialectic causes quantitative and then qualitative change. Change results in loss or negation and thus leads to new things. Matter gives thought form, which is the dialectic. Matter came before consciousness.
Politics
Society develops through dialectical materialism. History is struggle between classes.
Social Sciences>Philosophy>History>Ethics
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Date Modified: 2022.0224