When1: 1934
When2: 1961
Who: Ernest Nagel [Nagel, Ernest]
What: philosopher
Where: Austria
works\ Logic and Scientific Method [1934: with Morris R. Cohen]; Logic without Metaphysics [1956]; Gödel's Proof [1958: with James R. Newman]; Structure of Science [1961]
Detail: He lived 1901 to 1985 and was Logical Positivist. Sciences reduce to physics by deduction {reductionism, Nagel}. Belief causes and belief justifications are separate. People often mix them {genetic fallacy}. People can also say that causes have no affect on truth {modal fallacy}. They go from "A is not necessarily B" to "A is necessarily not B." People rely on testimony and other reliable sources, as well as information-transfer methods.
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Date Modified: 2022.0224