When1: 1784
When2: 1799
Who: Johann G. Herder [Herder, Johann G.]
What: lawyer
Where: Weimar, Thuringia, Germany
works\ Ideas for the Philosophy of the History of Mankind [1784 to 1791]; Metacritique on the Critique of Pure Reason [1799]
Detail: He lived 1744 to 1803 and wrote about law.
Epistemology
Senses are not separate from understanding. Living people unify sensations and consciousness or understanding as feeling. Feeling unifies senses and turns sounds into thought and language by revealing or bringing to consciousness innate ideas.
All languages derive from one language. Language is the basic unifying activity of reason and consciousness. Language arose from people's nature. Language includes both emotion and reason, showing that these are not separate in mind or thought. Language can show culture's ideas.
History
History is progression toward perfection. Language, culture, and history cause national character. People have had many different ideas, which people today can try to understand through getting feelings {Einfühlung, Herder} for periods and cultures.
Law
Absolute law does not derive from reason alone. Law and institutions relate to living conditions. National, especially German, laws show that laws can be systematic, logical, and practical.
Politics
States began from the historical process of striving for perfection.
Social Sciences>Philosophy>History>Epistemology
6-Philosophy-History-Epistemology
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Date Modified: 2022.0224