When1: 1960
Who: John Langshaw Austin [Austin, John Langshaw]
What: philosopher
Where: England
works\ How to Do Things with Words [1960]; Sense and Sensibilia [1960]
Detail: He lived 1911 to 1960 and studied ordinary language {linguistic philosophy}.
Epistemology
Language analysis can clarify philosophical and metaphysical problems, which are typically confusing.
Language developed by evolution.
Speech {linguistic act} can state things {constative} or do something {performative}. Stating is actually performing. All speech is an action {speech-act theory}, such as to warn, remind, and communicate information. Actions can be actual sound making {locution, Austin}, acts resulting from or secondary to uttering {illocution}, and uttering effects {perlocution}.
Case or term can describe situation. Then prove that other cases or terms do not apply to situation. Show that other situations require different cases or terms. If these apply, original situation implies term is valid {paradigm case argument}. However, situation, case, or term typically has ambiguous meaning.
Context can distinguish appearance from reality.
Social Sciences>Philosophy>History>Epistemology
6-Philosophy-History-Epistemology
Outline of Knowledge Database Home Page
Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0224