Letters can be full-size {uppercase} or smaller {lowercase} {case, writing}.
Words can use apostrophe to show letters that were left out {contraction, word} {word contraction}.
Two letters can link {ligature, writing}| to improve appearance: ae, fi, ff, fl, oe, and tt.
Two letters {digraph} {diphthong, letter}| can represent one sound.
Three letters {triphthong} can represent one sound.
Z {zed}.
Letters can have additions {diacritical mark}| to basic shapes.
A Russian letter {hard sign}, replaceable by apostrophe, is mute and is only in word middles. Bulgarian pronounces hard sign in word middles but not at word ends.
Russian, Ukrainian, and Bulgarian have mute sign {soft sign}, with preceding consonant palatalized.
6-Linguistics-Writing-Alphabet
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Date Modified: 2022.0225