Sentences {sentence, grammar}| have positions. Sentence positions can have required order {linear sentence}.
Nouns are words for objects. Verbs are words for actions. Adjectives are words for attributes {parts of speech}|.
Subjects, verbs, objects, modifiers, and other speech parts {grammatical category} fill sentence positions.
Words {conjunction, grammar}|, such as "and" and "or", can denote connections between two words or clauses. Conjunctions {coordinating conjunction} can connect same-type words: and, but, for, not, or, so, yet. Conjunction pairs {correlative conjunction} can connect same-type words: both/and, either/or, neither/nor, not only/but also, and whether/or. Conjunctions {subordinating conjunction} can connect subordinate clauses: after, as, as well as, because, if, in order that, provided, since, so, so that, than, that, though, unless, when, why. Some languages do not have conjunctions.
Words {phrase, sentence} can substitute for speech parts.
Subsentences {clause} can substitute for speech parts. Clauses {subordinate clause} can depend on other clauses.
Words {preposition}| can denote sentence word relations. There are 80 to 100 prepositions. Some languages do not have prepositions. Phrases {prepositional phrase} can be about other sentence words {object, preposition}.
space
Prepositions can be about spatial location: on, in, near, at, and above. Prepositions can refer to object axis above or below vertical axis, distance from axis, or direction from axis. Prepositions can describe object motions related to location descriptions, such as motion paths and where paths begin and end.
shape
No prepositions require knowledge of figure shapes.
object
No prepositions require knowledge of reference objects, except axis, or figure parts. Spatial configurations can be non-stereotypical or ambiguous.
time
Prepositions can be about time.
possession
Prepositions can be about possession.
grammar
Prepositions can be grammatical markers.
Preposition-like words {postposition} can be after verbs.
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Date Modified: 2022.0225