When1: 1325
When2: 1520
Who: Aztec Empire or Mexica
What: civilization
Where: Mexico
Detail: Aztecs from north replaced Toltec civilization. Tenochtitlan was capital, near Mexico City, on a now dry island in Lake Texcoco. Water supply was at Chapultepec, five miles away.
On the migration, main priest was Tenoch. They were to settle where they saw an eagle on a cactus eating a serpent. Eagle was symbol of Huitzilopochtli, the war god.
Uetlatoani or Great Speaker was a priest-astrologer, led warriors, spoke for all, and set all laws. Tlaloc Tlamacazqui or High Priest of Rains led ceremonies and consulted war god's oracle. Warrior class had rituals and human sacrifice. They removed hearts from living people and burned them. A Supreme Justice led courts. A Lord of the Market Place controlled commerce.
Aztecs had pictographs, calendar, caste system, universal education, cotton, and obsidian but no iron.
Aztecs built temple to the Aztec war god Huitzilopochtli at Tenochtitlan [1455].
In 1473, Tenochtitlan expanded to include Tlateloco.
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Date Modified: 2022.0224