Space can contain negative energy {exotic matter}. Energy density and pressure can be negative.
cause
Energy fluctuations, required by uncertainty principle, cause negative energy in zero-average-energy-density regions, such as space vacuum. If non-linear destructive quantum interference can damp energy fluctuations {squeezed vacuum}, energy in alternating regions can be less than zero.
amount
Negative-energy magnitude is inversely proportional to space-time volume. Larger negative energies must pair with more and closer positive energies.
total energy
System total energy is always greater than zero.
examples
Moving mirror can make negative-energy flux.
effects
Negative energy makes light rays diverge. Negative-energy regions allow travel faster than light, because they contract space-time.
Physical Sciences>Physics>Matter>Particle
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Date Modified: 2022.0224