equipartition

Collisions interchange energy, so average energies of system kinetic-energy sources are equal {equipartition, statistical mechanics}|.

motions

For particles, kinetic energy partitions equally into available motion states {degrees of freedom, motion}. Particles have different possible motions. Translations can independently be in three spatial dimensions. Vibrations depend on chemical-bond stretching-and-bending modes. Rotations can be in zero to three rotation dimensions, depending on molecule symmetry.

energy

If temperature is above 50 K, average partition energy E is half Boltzmann constant k times absolute temperature T: E = 0.5 * k * T. System partition function is product of particle partition functions.

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Date Modified: 2022.0224