Joule-Thompson effect

Higher pressure forces most-substance molecules together and tends to make molecules go to lower potential energy {Joule-Thompson effect}. Expanding gas cools gas, as random translational kinetic energy changes into random potential energy.

state

If material is under pressure, state change happens at higher temperature. Higher temperature makes more kinetic energy to overcome higher pressure that keeps molecules together.

ice

Ice is less dense than water, so ice tends to melt under higher pressure. For example, pressure of ice-skate blade melts ice under blade to allow skating. If pressure on melted ice decreases, ice freezes again {regelation, pressure}.

altitude

Making cake at high altitude requires higher temperature, because lower air pressure makes air hold less heat.

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Date Modified: 2022.0224