In conductors with current in magnetic fields, magnetic field pushes charges to conductor sides and makes electric field {Hall resistance, magnetism} opposed to magnetic field. Hall resistance varies with magnetic field and current.
semiconductor
In semiconductors, high magnetic field separates charges across width, not length, and so causes transverse current {Hall effect}.
quantum Hall effect
Quantum Hall resistance {quantum Hall effect} is inverse of small positive integer n times Planck's constant h divided by electron charge e squared: (1/n) * (h/e^2).
spin
In semiconductor ribbons with electric current, magnetic field from spin-orbit coupling causes excess electrons with one spin on one edge and excess electrons with opposite spin on other edge {spin Hall effect}.
Physical Sciences>Physics>Electromagnetism>Magnetism>Induction
5-Physics-Electromagnetism-Magnetism-Induction
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Date Modified: 2022.0224