Heat and work are kinetic energy. Force fields cause potential energy. Total energy is sum of kinetic and potential energies, which can interconvert. Isolated-system total energy is constant {energy conservation, dynamics}| {conservation of energy, dynamics}. Energy is invariant through time-coordinate translations. Physical laws are symmetric with respect to time dimension, so physics does not change if time reverses direction. Physical laws remain true at all times. All physical interactions are the same if time reverses, charges reverse, and positions reverse. However, weak-force physical laws are not symmetric with respect to time.
cause
Isolated systems have no added forces and so no added potential energy. Isolated systems have no volume changes and so no added distances or potential energy. Object movements interchange potential energies and kinetic energies, no matter which space-time path objects take.
vacuum energy
Kinetic energy and potential energy exert pressure on background vacuum energy. Kinetic energy has particle motions that make internal pressure. Potential energy has fields that make pressure by causing particle self-energy. Motions and fields pressure space-time points through which they pass. Space-time points have energy flux. Kinetic energy and potential energy both contribute to vacuum energy in the same way. Only energy amount counts. As masses move, vacuum adjusts to keep potential constant. Potential, flux, or pressure is constant at all vacuum points, making a new conservation law.
relativity
Mass and energy can interchange in space-time. By equipartition, all partition kinetic energies must be equivalent. Energy conservation remains true under relativistic conditions.
In general relativity, accelerations are equivalent to forces, which cause accelerations. Accelerations are velocity changes. Velocity changes change kinetic energy. Objects change velocity as they change field position and potential energy. Kinetic and potential energies are equivalent in general relativity.
quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanically, mass and energy states are the same. Energy conservation remains true under quantum mechanics.
dark energy
Energy conservation remains true for dark energy, which is symmetric in time.
Physical Sciences>Physics>Dynamics>Conservation
5-Physics-Dynamics-Conservation
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Date Modified: 2022.0224