In oxidation-reduction reactions, electrons transfer. Electron transfer requires voltage {potential, reaction}. Oxidation-reduction half-reactions have potentials. Total oxidation-reduction reaction potential is sum of half-reaction potentials.
level
Electronegative atoms have high reduction potentials.
calculation
Cell standard potential depends on half-reaction potentials and balanced equation. From balanced equation, separate reduction and oxidation half-reactions. Tables have half-reaction reduction potentials at 25 C. Subtract reduction potential for oxidation half-reaction from reduction potential for reduction half-reaction to find chemical-reaction potential.
spontaneity
If oxidation-reduction chemical-reaction potential is greater than zero, chemical reaction is spontaneous. If reduction potential is more than oxidation potential, ionization potential is higher, hydration energy is lower, and sublimation energy is more.
equilibrium
When oxidation-reduction reaction is complete, potential is zero.
Physical Sciences>Chemistry>Inorganic>Oxidation-Reduction>Potential
5-Chemistry-Inorganic-Oxidation-Reduction-Potential
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Date Modified: 2022.0224