Knowing chemical equation and reactant and product concentrations at equilibrium allows reaction-constant calculation {equilibrium constant}|. Equilibrium constant is product of product concentrations, each raised to power of its chemical-equation coefficient, divided by product of reactant concentrations, each raised to power of its chemical-equation coefficient. For example, in chemical equation 2 A + 3 B -> C + 4 D, equilibrium constant K = ([A]^2 * [B]^3) / ([C] * [D]^4). Chemical reaction aX + bY -> cZ + dW equilibrium constant is K = (X^a * Y^b) / (Z^c * W^d).
tables
People know many reaction equilibrium constants, at specific temperatures. Dissociating acids and bases have equilibrium dissociation constants. Dissolving salt in water or other solvent has equilibrium solubility constant.
irreversible
Equilibrium constant greater than 10^9 means reaction is irreversible.
product concentrations
Equilibrium constant and initial reactant concentrations result in product concentration at equilibrium. First, use chemical equation to make equilibrium-constant equation with correct exponents. In equilibrium-constant equation, replace product concentration with x if coefficient is 1, replace with 2*x if coefficient is 2, replace with 3*x if coefficient is 3, and so on. If coefficient is 1, replace reactant concentration with its initial concentration minus x. Replace with 2 * (initial concentration minus x) if coefficient is 2. Replace with 3 * (initial concentration minus x) if coefficient is 3, and so on. For example, for chemical equation 2 A + 3 B -> C + 4 D, equilibrium constant K = ([A]^2 * [B]^3) / ([C] * [D]^4). To find A concentration: K = ((2*x)^2 * B^3) / (C * D^4). Use equilibrium constant value from table of constants. Solve for x.
Product concentration is x times its coefficient in chemical equation. Reactant concentration is (initial concentration minus x) times its coefficient in chemical equation.
partition functions
Reactant and product partition functions can find chemical-reaction equilibrium constant.
Physical Sciences>Chemistry>Inorganic>Chemical Reaction>Equation
5-Chemistry-Inorganic-Chemical Reaction-Equation
Outline of Knowledge Database Home Page
Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0224