To keep solution pH constant {buffer}|, add weak acid or base and soluble salt with same anion. Weak-acid anion acts as weak base. Weak-base anion acts as weak acid. Adding acid or base to solution causes weak base or acid to neutralize added acid or base. However, adding too much acid or base can overwhelm weak acid or base. Weak-acid or base concentration to soluble-salt concentration ratio, and anion dissociation constant, determine buffer pH. Citrate buffer has pH near 5. Bicarbonate buffer has pH near 6. Phosphate buffer has pH near 7. Tris buffer has pH from 4 to 8.
Physical Sciences>Chemistry>Inorganic>Acid-Base
5-Chemistry-Inorganic-Acid-Base
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Date Modified: 2022.0224