RNA {transfer RNA}| (tRNA) can transfer amino acids from cytoplasm to ribosomes, to make protein chains. tRNA is 15% of RNA.
structure
tRNA is 75 bases long and has three-leaf-clover shape. tRNA has modified bases in three locations to make tRNA hydrophobic and curve back on itself. Middle-clover-leaf tip has three ribonucleotides, which differ for different amino acids. Clover-stem tip has three ribonucleotides that bind an amino acid. Different tRNAs bind different amino acids. There are more than 40 different tRNAs.
number
Different tRNA amounts differ greatly. Low amounts can limit protein production.
codon
RNA has three-nucleotide codons. tRNA has three tip nucleotides {anticodon}. Anticodon binds to first two codon nucleotides exactly but can bind inexactly to third codon nucleotide {wobble}.
mitochondria
Mitochondria have only 22 tRNAs and use only first two codon bases.
Physical Sciences>Chemistry>Biochemistry>Nucleic Acid>RNA
5-Chemistry-Biochemistry-Nucleic Acid-RNA
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Date Modified: 2022.0224