5-Chemistry-Biochemistry-Drug-Mechanics

bioavailability

Blood drug amount {bioavailability} relates to dose.

Blood-Brain Barrier penetration

Brain-compartment drug concentration to blood-compartment drug concentration makes ratios {Blood-Brain Barrier penetration}.

diffusivity of drug

Drug diffusion calculations {diffusivity} can measure drug-diffusion ease.

disposition of drug

Distribution and elimination can combine {disposition, drug}.

distribution of drug

Drugs have different concentrations in various body tissues {distribution, drug}.

elimination of drug

Excretion {elimination, drug} uses urine and feces.

enterocyte

Ingested drugs affect intestinal-wall cells {enterocyte}.

enterohepatic cycling

Bile goes back to GI tract for recycling {enterohepatic cycling} (EHC).

intrinsic clearance

Liver removes drugs from blood {intrinsic clearance} (CL).

molecular weight theory

Compounds above 500 to 700 cannot diffuse across lipid membrane {molecular weight theory}.

oral bioavailability

Percentage of orally administered drug in general blood circulation, or in urinary excretion, compares to intravenous administration {absolute oral bioavailability} {oral bioavailability}.

portal vein

A vein {portal vein} carries blood to liver from GI tract.

5-Chemistry-Biochemistry-Drug-Mechanics-Absorption

absorption of drug

Active or passive transport carries drug from intestine to portal vein {absorption, drug}.

human intestinal absorption

Compounds absorbed from intestine {human intestinal absorption} (HIA) go to portal vein.

motility intestine

Intestines have contents travel rate {motility}.

pH partition theory

Acidic or neutral drugs can diffuse across GI-tract lipid membrane, but basic drugs cannot diffuse {pH partition theory}.

predicted fraction

Drug goes from intestine to portal vein {predicted fraction of human absorption} (Fa). Fraction is in percent.

5-Chemistry-Biochemistry-Drug-Mechanics-Lipophilicity

lipophilicity

Compounds can have good solubility in lipids {lipophilicity}.

Fujita-Hansch pi value

Values {Fujita-Hansch pi value} can relate to lipophilicity.

log P

Octanol/water partition coefficient logarithms {log P} can measure lipophilicity.

molecular lipophilicity potential

Hydrophobicity measures {molecular lipophilicity potential} (MLP) can calculate lipophilicity surface.

octanol-buffer partition

Lipophilic compounds can diffuse across lipid membrane {octanol-buffer partition coefficient theory}.

P-glycoprotein

On brain-capillary endothelial-cell insides, proteins {P-glycoprotein} can prevent high-lipophilicity drugs from crossing BBB.

5-Chemistry-Biochemistry-Drug-Mechanics-Transport

transport of drug

Drugs must get to sites {transport, drug} {drug transport}.

passive transport of drug

Diffusion carries molecules across membranes {passive transport}.

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Date Modified: 2022.0225