Planets {Jupiter, planet} can be fifth nearest to Sun and largest planet.
properties
Diameter is 142,000,000 meters. Mass is 318 times Earth mass. Density is 1.33 g/cm^3, because it is 80% hydrogen. Gravity is 2.64 times Earth gravity.
properties: rotation
Jupiter rotates every 10 hours on axis inclined 3 degrees to orbit.
properties: magnetism
Magnetic radiation fields are 10 to 10^5 stronger than Earth fields and make a flat disc 4 x 10^6 miles diameter.
properties: temperature
Surface temperature is 128 K, and surface radiates heat.
properties: orbit
Jupiter is 778,000,000,000 meters from Sun. Circular orbit of 12 years slightly inclines to ecliptic.
layers
Jupiter has a rocky core. Around core is a 46,000,000-meter-diameter metallic ionized liquid-hydrogen layer, at temperature 11,000 K to 30,000 K and pressure 10^7 lb/in^2 or 3 x 10^6 atmosphere. This layer has convection currents that create magnetism and heat flow. 46,000,000 to 70,000,000 meters diameter is liquid hydrogen with 20% helium. Above that layer is a gaseous hydrogen-and-helium layer.
atmosphere
Atmosphere is 1,000,000 meters thick and has layers. First is water drops and ice. Then frozen ammonia is at temperature 110 K. Above that is methane. Gaseous hydrogen is at top. Atmosphere has red and brown belts. Cooler belts are lighter, and hotter belts are darker. Great red spot is swirling gas fed by smaller vortices and is a stable non-linear system. Atmosphere winds are up to 300 km/hr.
moons
Jupiter has 15 moons, four large. Ganymede is size of Mercury. Callisto is smaller than Ganymede and has ice-rock interior. Perhaps, Callisto has water layer. Io has salt, gaseous sodium cloud, and many active volcanoes. Europa is Moon size.
Physical Sciences>Astronomy>Solar System>Planet>Planets
5-Astronomy-Solar System-Planet-Planets
Outline of Knowledge Database Home Page
Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0224