Acetylcholine {acetylcholine, memory} (ACh) can be a fast neurotransmitter or slow modulator.
modulator
ACh regulates neurite nerve process outgrowth and aids neuronal population survival.
location
ACh is in autonomic parasympathetic ganglia, basal forebrain, caudate nucleus, medulla motor nuclei, neuromuscular synapse, Meynart basal nucleus, putamen, pons, superior olive, spinal cord, cranial-nerve motor nuclei, cerebral-cortex bipolar cells, and submandibular-salivary-gland postsynaptic parasympathetic neurons.
excitation
Acute bipolar-cell or parasympathetic-neuron stimulation releases only acetylcholine. Chronic excitation releases both VIP and acetylcholine, in ratio depending on stimulus duration.
VIP
Acetylcholine inhibits VIP release by interacting with neuron receptors. VIP inhibits acetylcholine release by binding to neuron VIP receptors.
drug
Acetylcholine can treat senile dementia or aid memory.
enzyme
Acetylcholinesterase enzyme hydrolyzes acetylcholine. Added cholinesterase decreases memory.
Biological Sciences>Zoology>Organ>Nerve>Neural Chemical>Transmitter
4-Zoology-Organ-Nerve-Neural Chemical-Transmitter
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Date Modified: 2022.0224