fluke

One-centimeter-long intestinal and blood flatworms {fluke} look like planaria, have suckers, are blood and liver parasites, have no cilia, have thick cuticle, and have generation alternation.

life cycle

Flukes lay eggs, in animal urine or feces, which hatch into larvae {miricadia}. Larvae enter snails and change into different larvae {cercariae}, which can bore into skin, though they have no teeth, and then go to liver. In liver, male and female join {schistosomula} and enter blood to go to intestine and bladder. Adults have covering {tegument} that has few surface proteins but can bind human proteins. Adults can live 30 years.

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Date Modified: 2022.0224