vitamin D

Organic molecules {vitamin D} {calciferol} can maintain blood calcium and phosphate.

purpose

Vitamin D is for bone and teeth mineralization, together with parathormone. Vitamin D causes intestine and bone calcium release and kidney phosphate absorption.

forms

Vitamin D has two forms. Sunshine ultraviolet-B light can make Vitamin D3 [3 is subscript], which special skin cells {keratinocyte} can convert to 7-dehydrocholesterol. Plants can make Vitamin D2 [2 is subscript], which liver can convert to 25-hydroxyvitamin D, which kidney converts to 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D. In cell nucleus, 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D attaches to vitamin-D receptor (VDR) protein, which works with retinoid-x receptor (RXR) protein to make complexes that bind to DNA-response elements for more than 1000 genes.

deficiency

Low vitamin D causes weak bones and rickets or cause bad bones {osteomalacia}.

sources

Vitamin D comes from cod, tuna, salmon, mackerel, sardines, shitake mushroom, egg yolk, and vitamin-D milk. Sunlight on skin makes vitamin D from precursor.

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Biological Sciences>Nutrition>Nutrient>Vitamin>Fat-Soluble

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Date Modified: 2022.0224