People can lose ability to write {agraphia}. If lexically impaired, people can correctly write words spelled phonologically, but not words spelled non-phonologically {lexical agraphia}. If phonologically impaired, people can write words correctly {phonological agraphia} but write non-words incorrectly.
Frontal-temporal-borderline damage can cause lexical problems, circumlocutions, and incorrect words, without losing language comprehension, syntax, or phonemes. People can be unable to name objects {anomia} {anomic aphasia}, though they can see, read, and recognize.
People can have impaired speaking {aphasia}|. Sometimes, speech does not connect {jargon aphasia}. Frontal-temporal borderline damage can cause phoneme-usage errors {conduction aphasia}, without comprehension or fluency loss.
Patients can have good language but lack emotional responses {Asperger's syndrome} {Asperger syndrome}.
Broca's area damage {Broca's aphasia} {Broca aphasia} causes slow, slurred, hesitant, and non-fluent speech, with preposition, conjunction, and auxiliary-verb omissions and incorrect verb or noun endings. Damage still allows people to write, read, listen, and sing.
People can lose ability to classify objects by name {classifying disorder}.
People can read with difficulty, spell badly, and have other problems with written language {dyslexia}|. Dyslexics cannot identify sounds, use phonemes together, or identify complex-figure parts. Dyslexics typically do not have strong right-handedness or left-handedness. Maturation delay, not brain damage or emotional problems, can cause resistance to learning and so dyslexia. People can have trouble only with grammar {grammar-specific language impairment}.
Strokes can cause speaking, writing, reading, or listening impairments {dysphasia}.
Dominant gene mutant can cause people not to use grammatical rules {familial dysphasia}.
Large left-hemisphere damage can cause normal-language loss {global aphasia} but does not affect automatic language.
Changed chromosome-7 gene can cause poor grammar with normal intelligence {specific language impairment} (SLI).
Though sense organs and nerves are normal, people can be unable to identify objects by touch {tactile agnosia}.
Chromosome 7 or 11 deletions can cause voluble language but mental retardation {Williams syndrome}.
Wernicke's area damage can cause inability to read {alexia}. Brain can block phonology {deep alexia} and/or block lexical stage {surface alexia}.
Wernicke's area damage can cause incorrect words {paraphasia}.
Wernicke's area damage can cause inability to name objects by palpating {tactile aphasia}.
Wernicke's area damage can cause non-existent words {neologism, aphasia}.
Wernicke's area damage {Wernicke's aphasia} {Wernicke aphasia} can cause bad semantics, paraphasia, imprecise words, circumlocutions, and neologisms, but speech is fluent, rapid, articulated, and grammatical.
Wernicke's area damage can cause inability to understand spoken words {word-meaning deafness} {word deafness}, though people can hear and speak them.
4-Medicine-Disease-Kinds-Organ-Nerve
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Date Modified: 2022.0225