Males can define geographic areas {territoriality, ecology}| that they can defend against other same-species males. Territory is typically just large enough to provide needed food.
methods
Animals keep territory by defense or advertisement. The larger or resident male typically wins contests over territory, mostly by bluffing.
effects
Territoriality prevents food shortage by causing individual selection for food supply. Territoriality prevents overpopulation by maintaining constant population density. Territoriality reduces competition and conserves energy by preventing more numerous contests and competitions. It is typically more efficient than unregulated competition for food. Individuals holding territory tolerate neighboring territory holders, to save energy, by habituating through frequent contact and communication.
evolution
Nereid worms have territoriality.
Biological Sciences>Ecology>Community
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Date Modified: 2022.0224