blood-vessel-lining cells {endothelia}|.
Skin cells {fibroblast, skin} can grow in culture for return under skin or in peritoneum.
Bone-marrow cells {hematopoietic cell}| can make blood cells.
Liver cells {hepatocyte}| can grow in culture for return to liver, spleen, or portal vein.
Cell {immortalized cell} lines can keep dividing without limit.
Muscle fibers {multinucleate cell}| have multiple nuclei.
Skeletal-muscle stem cells {myoblast}| fuse to make muscle fibers.
Cells can become any cell type {pluripotency}. Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4 proteins can restore pluripotency in adult cells {induced pluripotent stem cell} {IPS cell} {iPS cell}. Retroviruses, adenoviruses, or plasmids can take proteins into cells. However, c-Myc causes cancer, and retrovirus stays in cells.
Skeletal-muscle-tissue stem cells {satellite cell} remain beside muscle fibers and are for regeneration. They can grow in culture and return to muscle.
Embryonic stem cells can become specific for organs and remain in protected regulatory niches. They can later divide to keep one cell {stem cell}| and make one cell for further division. Stem cells can become cancerous.
Cell groups {synctitium}| can have links and function as wholes.
Cell groups can dissolve membranes and fuse to make multinucleated cytoplasm {synctium}| surrounded by membrane.
Mutant organisms {temperature-sensitive cell} can have proteins sensitive to temperature and die or stop growing at higher temperatures.
reproductive cells {germ plasm}|.
body cells {somatoplasm}.
Outline of Knowledge Database Home Page
Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0225