Trees {ailanthus} {tree of heaven} {stinkweed} can live in Asia, have pinnate compound leaves, have yellow and crimson samaras in masses, have yellow-green flower clusters, and have sexes on different trees.
Trees {alder} can have catkins and strobiles, live in wet areas, and be deciduous: red alder or Oregon alder or western alder, black alder, and common alder.
Trees {ash tree} can be tall, have compound pinnate leaves, have samara clusters, and have sexes on different trees: European ash, white ash, flowering ash, blue ash, green ash or red ash or swamp ash or river ash or water ash, black ash, and Oregon ash.
Trees {birch} can have little upright seed filled cones {strobile}, have catkins, have white or other-colored bark, be deciduous, and relate to alders. Birches include gray birch or poplar, paper birch or white birch, yellow birch or silver birch or swamp birch, Japanese birch, weeping cut-leaf European birch, red birch or river birch or water birch, and black birch or sweet birch or cherry birch. Sweet birch has wintergreen aroma.
Trees {buttonbush} can be shrubs, like wet ground, have curving crooked branches and shiny leaves, and have tiny cream-colored flowers on stalks in round two-centimeter clusters, which turn into brown spherical seed clusters.
Trees {catalpa} can be medium height, have big broad leaves, have white or pale-blue bell-shaped flower clusters, and have long thin seedpods with many winged seeds: common catalpa or Indian bean, catawba-tree or northern catalpa or hardy catalpa, yellow catalpa, western catalpa, and related princess-tree or Paulownia.
Trees {chaste-tree} can be vitex agnus-castus and vitex negando incisa.
Mediterranean evergreen oak trees {cork plant} {cork oak} can have thick bark.
Trees {cornus} {dogwood} can have four-petal white flowers and red drupes: flowering dogwood, red-osier dogwood, Pacific dogwood, rough dogwood, and blue-fruited dogwood.
Trees {elder tree} can have compound leaves and white flower clusters that turn into red berries: common elder, red-berried elder, and elderberry.
Trees {elm} can have seed wafers and hairs on upper leaf surfaces. They are susceptible to Dutch elm disease. Elms include Scotch elm, English elm, slippery elm or red elm or gray elm, American elm or white elm, rock elm, and Chinese elm. Oaks, elms, and maples have simple leaves and not many leaflets on one stalk. Cherries, elms, lindens, and many other trees have leaves all along twig {compound leaf}.
Trees {eucalyptus} {blue gum} can have willow-like leaves, be evergreen, have bark that peels, come from Australasia, and live in south and west USA.
Trees {golden-chain} {laburnum} can be like fragrant sumac.
Trees {hickory} can have edible nuts, have compound leaves {pinnate leaf, hickory}, have both sexes on same tree, and live in east USA: shagbark hickory, shellbark hickory, bitternut or swamp hickory, pignut or red hickory, mockernut or whiteheart or bullnut, and pecan.
Trees {holly} can have red berries, have dark green leaves, be usually shrubs, be evergreen, and like moist areas in east USA: American holly, European holly, and black alder or winterberry.
Shrubs {jatropha} can have large seeds that have up to 40% poisonous oil and grow in dry conditions in Tanzania and Mali.
Trees {linden} {basswood} can have yellow or cream flower clusters, hanging from narrow, leaf-like structures {bract}, which turn to fragrant nutlets, and often have red twigs and buds: European linden, heart-leaved linden, broad-leaved linden, white linden, American basswood, and white basswood. Lindens live in Europe and basswoods in USA. Cherries, elms, lindens, and many other trees have leaves all along twig.
Trees {locust, tree} can have flat leathery mahogany-colored or red-brown various-length seedpods, be tall, have doubly compound or compound leaves, and have white flowers. Locusts include black locust or common locust or yellow locust, honey locust or honey shuck, pagoda tree, yellowwood or virgilia, and Kentucky-coffee-tree. Honey locust has honey-like pulp, in pods, and compound thorns. Locusts are legumes.
Trees {magnolia, tree} can live in southeast USA, have leathery shiny green leaves that stay on all year, have large white flowers, have red fruiting cones, and like wet areas. Magnolias include true magnolia or Southern magnolia or great-flowered magnolia, saucer magnolia, sweet bay or white bay {laurel, tree} {bay laurel} {bay tree} or swamp magnolia, cucumber-tree, and umbrella-tree.
Trees {maple tree} can have leaves with three or five lobes opposite each other on branchlets, have double samaras, and have greenish yellow or red flowers.
types
Maples include hard maple {sugar maple}, red maple or swamp maple, silver maple or white maple or soft maple, sycamore, mountain maple, hedge maple, big-leaf maple, Norway maple, striped maple, black maple, and box-elder or ash-leaved maple.
Sugar maple makes maple syrup juice.
elder
Maples {box elder} {ash-leaved maple} can have compound leaves and sexes on different trees.
leaves
Oaks, elms, and maples have simple leaves and not many leaflets on one stalk. Maple, ash, and viburnum leaves always grow in pairs.
Small desert trees {mesquite} of Fabaceae or legume family make beans. Mesquite bean meal {pinole} can be food.
Trees {mountain ash} can have compound leaves, have white flower sprays in round clusters, have red berry clusters, be shrubs or small trees, and live in northeast North America: American mountain ash or rowan-tree or mountain sumac, and European mountain ash. Maple, ash, and viburnum leaves always grow in pairs.
Trees {mountain laurel} {California laurel} {Oregon myrtle} can have medium height, live on USA west coast, be evergreen, have green yellow plum-like drupes, and have camphor-like odor. Laurels are usually tropical.
Trees {oak} can include white oak or Oregon oak or Garry oak or California oak or swamp oak, English oak, chinquapin oak, swamp chestnut or basket oak, chestnut or rock oak, bur oak or mossy-cup, post oak or iron oak, live oak, blackjack, and overcup.
types
White oaks have acorns that mature every season, have many-lobed leaves with no bristles, are tall, are broad, and have catkins.
Live oaks have leaves that have no lobes and fall off in spring: emory oak, canyon live oak, coast live oak, and live oak.
Black or red oaks have acorns that mature in second year and have many-lobed leaves with bristles: black oak or yellow oak, red oak or Northern oak or swamp oak or Southern oak, pin oak, Shumerd oak, scarlet oak, cork oak, willow, laurel, shingle oak, and water oak.
Tanoaks or tanbark oaks are evergreen, grow slowly, make tannin, have both sexes on same tree, come from southeast Asia, and relate to oaks and chestnuts.
Willow oaks and shingle oaks are rare.
leaves
Oaks, elms, maples have simple leaves and not many leaflets on one stalk. Oaks and some magnolias and dogwoods have leaves at twig tips.
Trees {palmetto} can have one trunk, have top fronds, and live on USA southeast coast.
Trees {plane tree} can have bark with brown, cream-white, and pale-green spots on trunk and white spots on small branches. Plane trees are tall and large, like moist areas, have leaves like large maple leaves, have two-centimeter spherical brown seed clusters, and live in east and middle USA. Plane trees include American sycamore or plane tree or buttonwood, California sycamore {sycamore}, and London plane tree.
Trees {poplar} can grow fast, have broad leaves with flat petioles that allow shimmering, and have catkins: silver poplar, simon poplar, white poplar, Lombardy poplar, California poplar or black cottonwood, Eastern poplar or Eastern cottonwood. Lombardy poplar is most common. Poplars {aspen} can be American aspen, quaking aspen or golden aspen, large-toothed or big tooth aspen, and cottonwood or balsam poplar or tacamahac poplar or balm-of-Gilead.
Trees {redbud} {Judas tree} can be legumes, have red buds, have rose or purple flowers, have seedpods with eight-centimeter beans, and be shrubs.
Trees {rosewood} can have red wood.
Trees {sassafras tree} can have mitten-like leaves, small yellow flowers, blue fruits, red stems, and sassafras aroma. Sexes are on different trees.
Trees {service-tree} {serviceberry} {shadbush} can have white flowers with five petals, have purple berries, be usually shrub, and live in east USA.
Trees {sourwood} {sorrel-tree} can live in southeast USA, have lily-of-the-valley-like flowers, have lustrous long leaves, and belong to heath family.
Trees {spicebush} can have waxy little yellow flowers, be shrubs, have red drupes, have citronella odor, and be in clumps.
Trees {sumac} can have compound leaves and milky sap. Varieties with shiny leaves and drupe clusters can irritate skin. Sumacs include shiny sumac, staghorn, smooth sumac, dwarf sumac or wiry-rib, and poison sumac, poison ivy, and poison oak.
Trees {sweet-gum} {bilsted} can be tall, live in southeast USA, have star-shaped leaves, have sticky ooze, have smooth bark, have many pointed two-centimeter seed-capsule spheres on thin stalks, and have both sexes on same tree.
Tall, big, and straight trees {tulip tree} {yellow poplar} can have large flowers with green petals with orange inner parts with yellow rings, have samara clusters, and have leaves that turn gold in late summer.
Trees {tupelo} {black tupelo} {sourgum} {sour gum} {black gum} {hornpipe tree} can be medium height, live in east USA, like wet ground, have lustrous green leaves, have oval blue-black small drupes, and have sexes on different trees. Tupelos relate to cotton gum, water tupelo, or south-USA swamp gum.
Trees {wafer ash} {hoptree} can be shrubs or small trees with circular-samara clusters and three compound leaves.
Trees {western soapberry} can live in southwest USA, have yellowish drupes in clusters, have compound leaves, and have white flowers.
Trees {willow, tree} can have cylindrical pollen holders {catkin}, have long narrow leaves, and like moist ground. Willows include fast-growing weeping willow from China, purple willow, black willow or swamp willow, sandbar, glaucous willow, shiny willow, heart-leaf willow, goat willow or pussy willow, and peach-leaf willow.
Trees {witch-hazel tree} can be slanting shrubs or small trees, live in east USA, have four yellow ribbon-petal flowers, have nutlets, and make witch hazel.
white flowers {apple, flower}.
Fig trees {banyan} grow in India.
African and Australian trees {baobab} can have trunks that store water and hanging fruits like gourds.
Malaysian evergreens {breadfruit} can have large yellow fruits.
Trees {china berry} {Pride-of-India tree} can have double compound leaves and purple or lilac drupes in clusters.
Trees {malus} {crabapple tree} include wild crabapple and Iowa crabapple, with pink and white flowers. Hawthorns and crabapples are similar.
white, pink, purple, or crimson flowers {ficus} {fig, tree} (Adenium).
Small evergreen trees {guava} produce ovoid fruits.
Trees {hackberry} {sugarberry} can have purple drupes when ripe.
Trees {mulberry} can have mulberries and have milky juice. Mulberries include white mulberry in China, paper mulberry, and red mulberry. Osage-orange or bowdeck has orange bark, thorns, sexes on different trees, and green-yellow seven-centimeter to twelve-centimeter spherical fruit masses.
Trees {orchard tree} can include apple, quince, pear, peach, cherry, apricot, and almond. Bud growing strength, prevailing winds, and nearby tree positions affect tree shape.
Trees {persimmon, tree} can be smooth, have round orange-colored fruits with red seeds, have shiny leaves, have corrugated bark, have medium height, and live in south, middle, and west USA. Red seeds are edible just after cold weather starts.
Prune-related trees {prunus} include almond, cherry, peach, and plum.
Cherry trees {cherry tree} include wild cherry or black cherry or rum cherry, choke cherry, bird cherry or fire cherry or pin cherry, sour cherry, Mahaleb cherry, and Cornelian-cherry. Cherry trees have red or black cherries, are short trees or shrubs, and have white flowers.
leaves
Cherries, elms, lindens, and many other trees have leaves all along twig.
berries
Other berry trees {wild berry tree} are wild plum, dwarf cornel or bunchberry, silky cornel or kinnikinnick, sweet haw or black haw, sweet viburnum, nannyberry, southern arrowwood, and maple-leaved viburnum. Viburnum is usually shrub, has opposite leaves, has cap-like five-petal white-flower clusters on eight stalks on one twig, and has small blue drupes. Maple, ash, and viburnum leaves always grow in pairs. Arrowwoods like wet ground.
Trees {beech} can have smooth tight light gray bark, be tall, have small beechnuts, have both sexes on one tree, have fluffy staminate-flower clusters, and live in east USA: American beech and European beech. Chestnuts and beeches are similar.
Trees {bladdernut} can be small east-USA trees or shrubs, with three compound leaves and three-lobed seedpods.
Trees {buckeye} can have palmate compound leaves, upright flower clusters, and spherical pods with one nut: Ohio buckeye, sweet buckeye or yellow buckeye or large buckeye, and southwest-Asia horse-chestnut.
Trees {buckthorn} {wahoo} {cascara} {bearberry} {bearwood} {coffee tree} can have medium height, like moisture, have small black drupes, and live on USA west coast.
Trees {chestnut, tree} can have large chestnuts and pointed staminate-flower clusters: European chestnut or copper chestnut, American chestnut, and Japanese chestnut. Chestnuts and beeches are similar. They have almost died out from imported fungus.
Trees {Chinese buckeye} can include golden-rain-tree and Chinese buckeye.
Trees {European hazelnut} {filbert, tree} can be rare.
Trees {haw} {hawthorn} (Crataegus) can have thorns, be shrubs or small trees, have twisted branches, have white or pink five-petal flowers, have fruits like rosehips, and live in east North America. Rosehips can be red, orange, or yellow. Haws include dotted-thorn, English hawthorn, cockspur-thorn, Washington-thorn, common red haw or hawthorn or haw, pear haw, and mush haw. Hawthorns and crabapples are similar.
Australia {hazel}.
Large trees {horse chestnut} can make white flowers in spring in candle shapes and make green fruit in fall that contain seeds {conker}.
Date trees {jujube tree} {red date} {Chinese date} can have drupe fruits (Ziziphus).
Trees {kola} can have kola nuts.
Soapberry plants produce red fruits {litchi nut} with sweet white insides.
Trees {pawpaw, tree} can be shrubs or small trees, live in east USA, and have purple flowers and crumpled pouches with green, then brown, edible fruit.
East-USA trees {pignut hickory} {sweet pignut} {coast pignut} {smoothbark hickory} {swamp hickory} {broom hickory} can make pear-shaped nuts.
Trees {walnut, tree} can have hard edible nuts, oblong for butternut and round for walnut, and compound leaves {pinnate leaf, walnut}: black walnut, English walnut or Persian walnut, and butternut or white walnut.
rare {Amur cork tree}.
rare {European smoke tree}.
rare {fringe-tree}.
rare {groundsel-tree}.
rare {hardy-mahogany}.
rare {hercules-club}.
rare {katsura tree}.
rare {prickly ash}.
rare {rose-of-Sharon, tree}.
rare {silver-bell-tree}.
rare {silverberry}.
rare {zelkova}.
American tropics have trees {balsa} with light soft wood {corkwood}.
Tropical pea trees {brazilwood} can have red wood.
Tropical trees {mahogany} can make reddish hard wood.
Small trees {mangrove} can grow on coasts {mangal} in shallow water.
Mulberry-family trees {rubber plant, tree} can be from Asia and North Africa.
Southeast Asian trees {sandalwood} can make sweet smelling wood.
Spurge trees {teak} {African teak} {African oak} (Verbenaceae) can make heavy wood.
palms {areca palm}.
palms {assai palm}.
Smooth-barked tropical trees {coconut palm} can grow 20 to 30 meters high, have one trunk, have ring scars where leaves fell off, and have large drupes.
Palm trees {date palm} {palm tree} can have bark covered with leaf sheaths, grow 20 to 30 meters high, have one trunk, and have date clusters.
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Description of Outline of Knowledge Database
Date Modified: 2022.0225