When1: 1900
Who: Jacques Loeb [Loeb, Jacques]
What: biologist
Where: Germany
works\ Comparative Physiology of the Brain and Comparative Psychology [1900]
Detail: He lived 1859 to 1924. Simple animals have forced tropism movements. Animals move towards stimulus source {positive tropism} or away from it {negative tropism}. Simple animals have paired receptors, such as eyes, which send signals to paired muscles, such as legs. When both receptors send equal signals, tension balances between both muscles, and animal moves in straight lines {tonus hypothesis}. However, tonus hypothesis is not true for simple or higher animals.
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Date Modified: 2022.0224