Statistics can test statement {hypothesis, statement} about population {hypothesis testing}.
To test, take sample. Sample can be from hypothesized population or not. Sample can be represent hypothesized population or not. If sample is from hypothesized population and represents it, hypothesis is true. If sample is not from hypothesized population and does not represent it, hypothesis is false.
errors
If sample is from hypothesized population but does not represent it, hypothesis is true but seems false. Errors {Type I error} can happen, with probability {alpha risk}.
If sample is not from hypothesized population and represents it, hypothesis is false but seems true. Errors {Type II error} can happen, with probability {beta risk}.
independence
Perhaps, events, such as political party, job type, sex, or age category, do not affect each other {independence, statistics}. Tests can see if they do affect each other {dependence, statistics}.
Mathematical Sciences>Statistics>Tests
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Date Modified: 2022.0224