When1: -300
When2: -280
Who: Euclid
What: mathematician
Where: Alexandria, Egypt
works\ Elements [-300 to -280]
Detail: He lived -325 to -265 developed Euclid's theorem and Euclid's algorithm. He studied perpendicular, parallel, superposition, arc, and prime numbers. He used exhaustion method, rather than infinitesimals, to study curves. He systematized plane geometry, number proportions and ratios, prime numbers, and solid geometry.
Book 1 is about congruence, parallel lines, Pythagorean theorem, simple constructions, constructions with equal areas, and parallelograms {rectilinear figure, Euclid}. Sum of two triangle-side lengths is greater than or equal to third-side length. Book 2 is about geometric algebra, using areas and volumes to find products and quadratic equations, and adding line segments to add. Book 3 is about circles, chords, tangents, secants, central angles, and inscribed angles. Book 4 is about figures inscribed in, or circumscribed around, circles. Book 5 is about proportion by magnitudes, commensurable magnitudes, and incommensurable magnitudes. Book 6 is about similar figures, using proportions. Book 7 is about number theory, Euclidean algorithm, and numbers as line segments. Book 8 is about geometric progressions. Book 9 is about square and cubic numbers, plane and solid numbers, geometric progressions, and the theorem that number of primes is infinite. Book 10 classifies incommensurable magnitudes. Book 11 is about convex solids and generation of solids. Book 12 is about curved-surface areas and volumes, using exhaustion method and indirect proof. Book 13 is about regular polyhedrons in spheres and regular polygons in circles.
Mathematical Sciences>Mathematics>History>Geometry
3-Mathematics-History-Geometry
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Date Modified: 2022.0224