When1: 1937
When2: 1950
Who: Alan Mathison Turing [Turing, Alan Mathison]
What: mathematician
Where: Britain
works\ On Computable Numbers with an Application to the Entscheidungs Problem [1937]; Computing Machinery and Intelligence [1950]
Detail: He lived 1912 to 1954 and developed Turing test for intelligence. He developed a code-breaking machine {electronic cryptanalytic machine}, which was the first programmed computer {Colossus computer}. Fixed definite processes {algorithm, Turing} {recursive procedure, Turing} or trial-and-error procedure {heuristic procedure} can solve mathematical problems. Turing machines programmed to perform procedures can solve problems. Universal Turing machines can define all possible operations and solve general problems. Algorithms and heuristics cannot solve some mathematical problems, so machines cannot solve them [Turing, 1950].
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Date Modified: 2022.0224