The smallest information amount {bit, information} involves one position that can have two equally probable states, so states have probability 1/2. If one position has one possible state, state probability is 1, but this situation has no differences and no information. If one position has three equally probable states, states have probability 1/3, requiring 1.5 information bits. If one position has four equally probable states, states have probability 1/4, requiring two information bits. If two positions each have two equally probable states, pairs have probability 1/4, requiring two information bits.
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Date Modified: 2022.0224