Three-dimensional space has volume pixels {voxel}. Voxels can be opaque, translucent, or transparent. Voxel transparency level can be a parameter {integral alpha}. Perceived pixel color P depends on integral alpha, voxel color intensity A, and background pixel color intensity B: P = alpha * A + (1 - alpha) * B, where A and B are red, green, or blue. Integral alpha is the same for all three color channels. For transparent voxels, alpha is zero, perceived color is background color, and voxel has no effect. For opaque voxels, alpha is one, perceived color is voxel color, and background has no effect. Therefore, systems can multiply alpha and voxel and background colors {premultiplied alpha} before compositing, for efficiency.
Volumetric displays can have multiple parallel display planes or a rotating plane to sweep out volume.
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Date Modified: 2022.0224