Troubadours sang lyrics {aube} from a lady to her lover.
Three eight-line stanzas have rhyme scheme ABABBCBC, followed by four-line envoy with rhyme scheme BCBC {ballade poem}. 14th-century troubadours used ballade form.
Rhyming short love stories {Breton lay} can have mythology, chivalry, and magic. Chaucer adapted English Breton lays for The Canterbury Tales.
French songs {chanson de geste, French} can be about deeds.
Five eleven-line stanzas have rhyme scheme ABABCCDDEDE, followed by five-line envoy with rhyme scheme DDEDE {chant royal}.
Poems {chantefable} can have alternating verse and prose.
In medieval poetic forms {debat}, two characters disputed abstract topic.
Last stanzas {envoy, poem} can be farewells. Envoys typically dedicate poem to someone.
Poetry forms {French fixed form} can be similar to ballade: love song {canso}, debate {tenso}, intellectual debate {partimen} {joc parti}, satirical song {sirventes}, conversation between people separating at dawn {alba}, knight and female shepherd {pastorela}, and lament {planh}.
round {rondeau, poetry}.
Light verse {vers de societé} can use complicated rhyme scheme and sophisticated ideas.
Unrhymed poems {free verse} {vers libre} in fixed meter can have different line lengths.
19-line poems {villanelle} have five tercets, each followed by refrain, and one quatrain, followed by refrain. First-tercet first and third lines are refrain.
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Date Modified: 2022.0225