2-Literature-History-Poetry

Bible poets

Bible poets include King David, who wrote most psalms.

Homer poetry

He lived -900 to -850 and described ancient Greek laws. George Chapman translated [1611 to 1616].

Hesiod

He lived 730 to ? and was from Boeotia.

Sappho

She lived -610 to -570 and was lyric poet.

Pherecydes of Syrus

He was lyric and gnomic poet.

Thespis

He lived -560 to -525 and was first known tragic actor, who spoke his own verse as character in festival.

Anacreon

He lived -563 to -478 and wrote poetry about wine and women {anacreonic poetry, Anacreon}. Thomas Moore translated the Odes [1801].

Pindar

He lived -518 to -438, was from Boeotia, and wrote odes for chorus {epinicia, Pindar}, which celebrated victories at Pythian, Olympic, Isthmian, and Nemean games.

Catullus

He lived -84 to -54 and wrote poems about personal life {carmina, Catullus}.

Virgil

He lived -70 to -19.

Horace

He lived -65 to -8.

Ovid

He lived -43 to 17.

Phaedrus

He lived -15 to 50 and translated Aesop's Fables into poetry.

Percius

He lived 34 to 62.

Ossian

Legendary poet wrote in Gaelic.

Kalidasa

He lived 353 to 420.

Tao Qian

He lived 365 to 427.

Bidpai

Bidpai means wise man or court scholar in Sanskrit.

ravi

Troubadours sang Ghasideh poems {ravi}.

Barbad

He lived 586 to 636, during the Sassanid Empire, in Khosrow Perviz's court [590 to 628]. He created a musical system with seven khosravani modes. Bamshad was another Sassanid surud song composer.

Caedmon

He lived ? to 680 and wrote hymns.

Beowulf

Poem is in Old English. King Beowulf kills the monster Grendel and angers its giant serpent-like mother.

Li Bai

He lived 701 to 762 and was Taoist.

Du Fu

He lived 712 to 770.

Nawas A

He lived 756 to 815 and wrote drinking songs {khamriyyat, Navass} and funny love lyrics {mudhakkarat, Navass} {mujuniyyat, Navass}.

Bo Juyi

He lived 772 to 846. Pipa is Chinese lute.

The army killed Yang Guifei and her cousin Yang Guozhong, because it thought Yangs caused the Rebellion of Anshi. The Four Beauties are Xi Shi [-700 to -600] of Spring and Autumn Period, Wang Zhaojun [-100 to 1] of Western Han Dynasty, Diao Chan [200 to 300] of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and Yang Guifei [719 to 756] of Tang Dynasty.

Zhang Ji

He lived 766 to 830.

Du Mu

He lived 803 to 852.

Tammam

He lived 805 to 845.

Li Shangyin

He lived 813 to 858 and wrote in five-character regular verse.

al-Buhturi

He lived 820 to 897.

Poetic Edda

Poem includes Völuspá or The Vision of the Seeress and Hávamál or The Speech of the High One.

Skaldic poetry

Poetry is about nobles, love, or events, is syllabic, and uses kenning.

Manushchihar

Sirkan is in Baluchestan in southeast Iran.

Hallaj

He lived 858 to 922.

Israeli I

He lived 865 to 955.

Tsurayuki K

Zen Buddhist lived 872 to 945 and wrote tanka.

Rudaki A

He lived 858 to 941 and wrote bayt.

Mutanabbi

He lived 915 to 965.

Ferdowsi

He lived 932 to 1025.

Baba Taher

He lived 934 to 1019. Poetic forms {bayt} can have two sentences.

Kinto F

Zen Buddhist lived 966 to 1041 and wrote Japanese waka poems.

Avicebron

He lived 1020 to 1070 and wrote in Kabbalah mystic style.

Khosrow N

He lived 1004 to 1072.

Gorgani F

.

Su poet

He lived 1037 to 1101, founded the Haofang School, and wrote poetic satires {fu}, late-Han and early-Tang dynasty classical poetry {shi}, and formal lyrical poems {ci}.

Khayyam O

He lived 1048 to 1123 and invented new Persian calendar.

Song of Roland

Poem was French song of deeds {chanson de geste, poem}.

al-Hariri

He lived 1054 to 1122.

Cantar del mio Cid

It is oldest cantar de gesta, and Per Abbat recorded it [1142].

Li Qingzhao

She lived 1084 to 1151.

Thorgilsson A

He lived 1067 to 1148.

Halevi J

He lived 1075 to 1141. Franz Rosenzweig, who also translated the Old Testament into German from Hebrew, translated his work into German [1886 to 1929].

Sana'i

He lived 1092 to 1167, wrote masnavi and ghazal, and was Sufi. Lust, greed, and emotional excitement stand between humans and divine knowledge. Love and social conscience are religion foundations.

Ibn Ezra A

He lived 1092 to 1167.

Anvari

He lived 1126 to 1190.

Icelandic Sagas

Icelandic sagas are about Iceland from 870 to 1050.

Confession of Golias

He used lyrics about wine and women in made-up Latin {Goliardic verse, Golias}. Golias Episcopus or Bishop Golias was fictional. Perhaps, Primas and Archipoeta or The Archpoet were fictional.

Troyes C

He lived 1135 to 1190.

Nezami

He lived 1141 to 1202.

Ananga Ranga

It translated into English by Richard Burton [1885].

Attar A

He lived 1145 to 1221. Collective human souls are God or the divine.

France M

She lived 1174 to 1204.

troubadour poetry

Troubadour poems began.

Romans B

She was a troubadour.

Gisla Saga

It is about Gísli Súrsson, who killed his brother-in-law [960].

Huon of Bordeaux

Knight accidentally kills Charlot, supposed son of Charlemagne, and must perform difficult tasks. Perhaps, Charlot was Charles l'Enfant, Charles the Bald's son, who died in 866.

von Strassburg G

He lived ? to 1210.

Sturluson S

He lived 1178 to 1241.

Egil's Saga

Perhaps, Snorri Sturluson [1179 to 1241] wrote it.

Aucassin et Nicolette

Poem has alternating verse and prose {chantefable, Aucassin et Nicolette}.

Njal's Saga

It is about Iceland from 930 and 1020.

Loris G

He lived 1215 to 1278.

Rumi

He lived 1207 to 1273, wrote in Farsi, and was Sufi. His father was Bahauddin Walad, professor who wrote Maarif, or mystic visions. Sayyid Burhaneddin, his father's friend and from Balkh, taught him after his father died, when he was 24 through 33. Rumi became Sufi-community sheikh at Konya. At age 37, he met Shams of Tabriz, Iran, mystic, who left after two days but was brought back and then disappeared. EPISTEMOLOGY: Knowledge of objective truth, or God, develops through love and self-knowledge. Physical and emotional stimuli prevent people from higher perceptions. Addiction to vice or virtue is idolatry and prevents higher perception {veiling}. Teaching people to hate evil and to covet sanctity teaches hatred and covetousness, not goodness or holiness. Conventional religious systems are secondary, imitative, and limited. However, teacher can help people reach higher perceptions, because ordinary people cannot evaluate the mystical masters. Sufi knowledge involves escaping from familiar dimensions.

Laxdaela Saga

It is about the Laxárdalur clan.

Volsunga Saga

It is about the Volsung clan and Giuking or Niflung or Nibelung clan of Germany and Burgundy and has Sigurd and Brynhild.

Thordarson S

He lived 1214 to 1284 and was nephew of Snorri Sturluson.

Saadi

He lived 1210 to 1290 and was Sufi.

Knytlinga Saga

Knytlinga are descendants of Knut or Canute.

Meun J

He lived 1240 to 1305 and wrote satires.

Khusrau A

He lived 1253 to 1325 and wrote masnavi.

Dante poetry

He lived 1265 to 1321, was White Guelf, and wrote Latin, Greek, Hebrew, and European language studies.

Sturlunga Saga

It is about the Sturlungs clan and Icelandic history [1117 to 1262].

Sir Patrick Spens

Perhaps, it is about when someone must bring Scottish princess home from Norway [1290].

Sumer Is Icumen In

It is oldest known round.

Grettis Saga

It was last Icelandic saga.

Petrarch

He lived 1304 to 1374, was Stoic, had ethics based on emotion, and wrote language studies.

Boccaccio G

He lived 1313 to 1375.

Hafez

He lived 1324 to 1389.

Chaucer G

He lived 1343 to 1400.

Jami

He lived 1414 to 1492 and was of naqshbandiyya or Designers School of Sufism.

Villon F

He lived 1431 to 1463 and wrote lyric poems.

Mallory T

He lived 1405 to 1471.

Green Willow

Desdemona sings it in Othello.

Lord Randal

Someone poisons him.

Skelton J

He lived 1460 to 1529.

Ariosto L

He lived 1474 to 1533.

Nostradamus

He lived 1503 to 1566.

Labe L

She lived 1524 to 1566 and was of the Lyons School of Humanist poets, which used the Petrarchan sonnet.

Bahai

He lived 1532 to 1610 and wrote in Arabic.

Tasso T

He lived 1544 to 1595.

Spenser E

He lived 1552 to 1599.

Marlowe C

He lived 1564 to 1593.

Ercilla y Zuniga A

He lived 1533 to 1595.

Shakespeare W

He lived 1564 to 1616.

Sidney P

He lived 1554 to 1586.

Campion T

He lived 1567 to 1620 and wrote lute lyrics.

Chapman G

He lived 1559 to 1634 and translated Homer.

Metaphysical Poets

John Donne, George Herbert, Andrew Marvell, Thomas Traherne, Henry Vaughan, Thomas Carew, Abraham Cowley, Richard Crashaw, Edward Herbert, Richard Lovelace, and John Suckling used colloquial and metaphorical verse in irregular meter. Samuel Johnson identified them in The Lives of the Poets [1744].

Jonson B poem

He lived 1572 to 1637.

Herrick R

He lived 1591 to 1674.

Donne J

He lived 1572 to 1631.

Wither G

He lived 1588 to 1667.

Marino G

He lived 1569 to 1625 and wrote in florid marinismo style.

Cavalier Poets

Group included Herrick, Suckling, Carew, and Lovelace.

Milton J

He lived 1608 to 1674.

Suckling J

He lived 1609 to 1642.

Marvell A

He lived 1621 to 1678.

Crashaw R

He lived 1613 to 1649.

Lovelace R

He lived 1618 to 1657.

Bradstreet A

She lived 1612 to 1672.

Vaughn H

He lived 1622 to 1695.

Zeb-un-Nissa

She lived 1638 to 1702.

Dryden J

He lived 1631 to 1700.

Basho M

Zen Buddhist lived 1643 to 1694 and wrote haiku.

Pope A poetry

He lived 1688 to 1744.

Thomson Ja poet

He lived 1700 to 1748.

Gay J

He lived 1685 to 1732.

Collins Willi

He lived 1721 to 1759.

Graveyard School

Ir used melancholy style associated with old places. Group included William Collins, William Cowper, Thomas Gray, James Macpherson, and James Thomson.

Gray T

He lived 1716 to 1771 and was of the Graveyard School.

MacPherson J

He lived 1736 to 1796.

Goldsmith O

He lived 1728 to 1774.

Buson Y

Zen Buddhist lived 1716 to 1783, wrote haiku, and painted.

Hatef

He lived ? to 1783 and was at the School of Moshtaq.

Cowper W

He lived 1731 to 1800.

Ryokan

Zen Buddhist lived 1758 to 1831 and wrote haiku.

Schiller J

He lived 1759 to 1805.

Aesthetics

Beauty is freedom in phenomenal appearance. It is not subject to concepts, understanding, or related phenomena. It has no known cause and makes cause meaningless. It is not about ethics, because it does not relate to duty. It is play. It involves no want or need, and so no will. It can create state in which sensuous and moral natures harmonize. Art silences natural will, allowing moral will to work.

Politics

Man started in instinctive state, following moral laws, because sensuous and moral natures were yet to come to consciousness. History and poetry evolved together. In first state, naive poetry was about unity with nature, was realistic, and used author-narrator. Middle states are sentimental and are about personal reflection, appeals to nature, and poet as subject. In final state, moral law will reunite with will.

Burns Ro

He lived 1759 to 1796.

Freneau P

He lived 1752 to 1832 and was American-Revolution poet.

Blake W poem

He lived 1757 to 1827.

Radcliffe A

She lived 1764 to 1823.

Southey R

He lived 1774 to 1843 and was Lake Poet.

Wordsworth W

He lived 1770 to 1850.

Coleridge S

He lived 1772 to 1834.

Du N

He lived 1765 to 1820 and wrote in Nom {chu nom} {nom script} ideograph script.

Ho Xuan Huong

Ho^` Xua^n Hu'o'ng lived 1775 to 1820 and wrote in Nom (No^m) ideograph script.

Issa K

Zen Buddhist lived 1763 to 1827 and wrote haiku.

Moore Th

He lived 1779 to 1852.

Scott W literature

He lived 1771 to 1832.

Crabbe G

He lived 1754 to 1832.

Byron G

He lived 1788 to 1824.

Bryant W

He lived 1794 to 1878.

Keats J

He lived 1795 to 1821.

Shelley P

He lived 1792 to 1822.

Pushkin A

He lived 1799 to 1837.

Lamartine A

He lived 1790 to 1869.

Heine H

He lived 1797 to 1856.

Moore C

He lived 1779 to 1863.

Mickiewicz A

He lived 1798 to 1855 and was nationalist.

Emerson R

He lived 1803 to 1882.

Hood T

He lived 1799 to 1845.

Holmes Sr. O

He lived 1809 to 1894.

Poe E

He lived 1809 to 1849.

Whittier J

He lived 1807 to 1892.

Tennyson A

He lived 1809 to 1892.

Gautier T

He lived 1811 to 1872 and was in Aesthetic Movement.

Browning R

He lived 1812 to 1889.

Hunt L

He lived 1784 to 1859.

Longfellow H

He lived 1807 to 1882.

Qa'ani

He lived 1807 to 1853.

Macaulay T

He lived 1800 to 1859.

Browning E

She lived 1806 to 1861.

Lear E

He lived 1812 to 1888 and wrote limericks and nonsense verse.

Clough A

He lived 1819 to 1861.

Lowell J

He lived 1819 to 1891.

Saint-Beuve C

He lived 1804 to 1869.

Arnold M

He lived 1822 to 1888. People need liberal education, to know what is and what is best.

Whitman W

He lived 1819 to 1892.

Baudelaire C

He lived 1821 to 1867.

FitzGerald E

He lived 1809 to 1883 and rhymed stanza first, second, and fourth lines {FitzGerald stanza}.

Dickinson E

She lived 1830 to 1886.

Rossetti C

She lived 1830 to 1894.

Howe Ju

She lived 1819 to 1910.

Swinburne A

He lived 1837 to 1909.

Verlaine P

He lived 1844 to 1896.

Lanier S

He lived 1842 to 1881.

Henley W

He lived 1849 to 1903.

Hopkins G

He lived 1844 to 1889.

Stevenson Ro novel

He lived 1850 to 1894.

Riley Ja

He lived 1849 to 1916.

Rossetti D

He lived 1828 to 1882 and was painter.

Bunin

He lived 1870 to 1953.

Lazarus E

She lived 1849 to 1887.

Field E

He lived 1850 to 1895.

Cavafy C

He lived 1863 to 1933.

Kipling R

He lived 1865 to 1936.

Dunbar P

He lived 1872 to 1906.

Thompson F

He lived 1859 to 1907.

Yeats W

He lived 1865 to 1939 and was Symbolist.

Housman AE

He lived 1859 to 1936.

Dario R

He lived 1867 to 1916 and began modernismo in Latin America [1899].

Valery P

He lived 1871 to 1945 and was Symbolist.

Malarme S

He lived 1842 to 1898 and was Symbolist.

Robinson Edwi

He lived 1869 to 1935.

Rilke R

He lived 1875 to 1926.

Foss S

He lived 1858 to 1911.

Markham E

He lived 1852 to 1940.

Masefield J

He lived 1878 to 1967.

Jimenez J

He lived 1881 to 1958. Nicaraguan poet Rubén Darío influenced him.

Noyes A

He lived 1880 to 1958.

Apollinaire G

He lived 1880 to 1918.

Mirza I

He lived 1874 to 1925.

de la Mare W

He lived 1873 to 1953.

Lowell A

She lived 1874 to 1925 and was Imagist.

Akhmatova A

She lived 1889 to 1966.

Lawrence DH

He lived 1885 to 1930.

Lindsay V

He lived 1879 to 1931.

Brooke R

He lived 1887 to 1915.

Owen W

He lived 1893 to 1918.

Pound E

He lived 1885 to 1972 and was Imagist.

Stein G

She lived 1874 to 1946.

Mistral G

She lived 1889 to 1957.

Masters E

He lived 1868 to 1950.

McCrae J

He lived 1872 to 1918.

Frost R

He lived 1874 to 1963.

Teasdale S

She lived 1884 to 1933.

Sandburg C poet

He lived 1878 to 1967.

Millay E

She lived 1892 to 1950.

Sassoon S

He lived 1886 to 1967.

Moore Mari

She lived 1887 to 1972.

Huidobro V

He lived 1893 to 1948. Poets are word magicians {creacionismo, Huidobro}.

Eliot TS

He lived 1888 to 1965.

Claudel P

He lived 1868 to 1955.

Aiken C

He lived 1889 to 1973.

Lorca F

He lived 1898 to 1936. He wrote gypsy deep song {cante jondo, Lorca}.

Cummings EE

He lived 1894 to 1962.

Neruda P

He lived 1904 to 1973.

Stevens J

He lived 1892 to 1971.

Tate A

He lived 1899 to 1979.

Jeffers R

He lived 1887 to 1962.

Hughes Lan

He lived 1902 to 1967.

Johnson Ja poet

He lived 1871 to 1938.

Ritsos Y

He lived 1909 to 1991.

Benet S

He lived 1898 to 1943.

Sitwell E

She lived 1887 to 1964.

Crane H

He lived 1899 to 1932.

Auden WH

He lived 1907 to 1973.

Thomas D

He lived 1914 to 1953.

Kunitz S

He lived 1928 to 1978.

Quasimodo S

He lived 1901 to 1968.

Eberhart R

He lived 1904 to 2005.

Nash O

He lived 1902 to 1971 and wrote limericks.

Spender S

He lived 1909 to 1995.

Parra N

He lived 1914 to ? and wrote in colloquial language about common life {antipoetry, Parra}.

Stevens W

He lived 1879 to 1955.

Sarton

She lived 1912 to 1995 and wrote about lesbianism starting 1974.

Patchen K

He lived 1911 to 1972.

Shapiro K

He lived 1913 to 2000.

McGinley P

She lived 1905 to 1978.

Hayden R

He lived 1913 to 1980.

Ransom J

He lived 1864 to 1950. New Criticism is only about actual words, not about author, emotional reactions, historical perspectives, philosophies, or literary forms.

Belloc H

He lived 1870 to 1953. People achieve happiness by their decisions as agents motivated by values {distributism, Belloc}, so people must have private ownership and personal liberty. Distributism is communitarianism against capitalism and socialism.

Wilbur R

He lived 1921 to ?.

Larkin P

He lived 1922 to 1985.

Amis K

He lived 1922 to 1995.

Pavese C

He lived 1908 to 1950.

Beat Generation

Beatnik poets {Beat Generation} included Alan Ginsburg.

Colum P

He lived 1881 to 1972.

Roethke T

He lived 1908 to 1963.

Ferlinghetti L

He lived 1919 to 2001.

Ginsburg A

He lived 1926 to 1997.

Yevtushenko Y

He lived 1933 to ?.

Snodgrass W

He lived 1926 to ?.

Plath S

She lived 1932 to 1963.

Soyinka W

He lived 1934 to ?.

Van Doren M

He lived 1894 to 1972.

Ciardi J

He lived 1916 to 1986.

Lowell R

He lived 1917 to 1977.

Heaney S

He lived 1919 to ?.

McKuen R poet

He lived 1933 to ?.

Walcott D

He lived 1930 to ?.

Angelou M

She lived 1928 to ?.

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Date Modified: 2022.0225