Land-vertebrate eyes {eye} are spherical and focus images on retina.
eye muscles
Eye muscles exert constant tension against movement, so effort required to move eyes or hold them in position is directly proportional to eye position. Midbrain oculomotor nucleus sends, in oculomotor nerve, to inferior oblique muscle below eyeball, superior rectus muscle above eyeball, inferior rectus muscle below eyeball, and medial rectus muscle on inside. Pons abducens nucleus sends, in abducens nerve, to lateral rectus muscle on outside. Caudal midbrain trochlear nucleus sends, in trochlear nerve, to superior oblique muscle around light path from above eyeball.
eye muscles: convergence
Eyes converge toward each other as object gets nearer than 10 meters.
eye muscles: zero-gravity
In zero-gravity environment, eye resting position shifts upward, but people are not aware of shift.
fiber projection
Removing embryonic eye and re-implanting it in rotated positions does not change nerve fiber projections from retina onto visual cortex.
Consciousness>Consciousness>Sense>Vision>Anatomy>Eye
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Date Modified: 2022.0224