Rod-shaped retinal cells {rod cell} are night-vision photoreceptors, detect large features, and do not signal color.
frequency
Rods have maximum sensitivity at 498 nm, blue-green.
Just above cone threshold intensity {mesopic vision, rod}, rods are more sensitive to short wavelengths, so blue colors are brighter but colorless.
number
Retinas have 90 million rod cells.
layers
Rods have cell nucleus layer, inner layer that makes pigment, and outer layer that stores pigment. Outer layer is next to pigment epithelium at eyeball back.
size
Rods are larger than cones.
pigment
Rod light-absorbing pigment is rhodopsin. Cones have iodopsin.
rod cell and long-wavelength cone
Brain can distinguish colors using light that only affects rod cells and long-wavelength cone cells.
fovea
Fovea has no rod cells. Rod cells are denser around fovea.
Consciousness>Consciousness>Sense>Vision>Anatomy>Cells>Retina>Receptors
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Date Modified: 2022.0224